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Corticosteroids, hypoglycemics,Antifungals

Corticosteroids, hypoglycemics,Antifungals. Corticosteroids. Addison’s disease; patients who don’t produce enough cortisone from their adrenal cortex Cushing’s disease: pts. who produce too much cortisone from adrenal cortex

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Corticosteroids, hypoglycemics,Antifungals

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  1. Corticosteroids, hypoglycemics,Antifungals

  2. Corticosteroids • Addison’s disease; patients who don’t produce enough cortisone from their adrenal cortex • Cushing’s disease: pts. who produce too much cortisone from adrenal cortex • Side effects of producing (or taking) too much cortisone: hypertension due to water retention, fat deposits on neck, moon faces, hyperglycemia, slow healing wounds, bleeding from ulcers trying to heal, easily infected, depressed immune system, buffalo hump, osteoporosis, mood swings, cataracts, obesity,

  3. Don’t withdraw cortisone meds too suddenly; taper them off OR • Addisonian crisis! Pts. fall apart emotionally, BP crashes, coma, shock, hypoglycemic shock, seizures,

  4. Cortisones • Betamethasone, decadron, hydrocort, prednisone, aristocort, triamcinolone, dexamethasone

  5. Oral Hypoglycemics • For DM • Sulfonylureas; promote insulin production from beta cells of isles of Langerhans • Last pills to use before starting insulin injections • Ex. Glucatrol, Micronase,glucophage, Avandia, metformin

  6. Injectible hypoglycemics • Humulin (intermediate) • Insulin (rapid, intermediate or long acting depending on the preparation/salt of it) • NPH (intermediate) • Lietin (rapid)

  7. Psoriasis meds • Silvery, patches on extensor surfaces, non contagious, sometimes pruritic • Ex. Tegrin ,coat tars, methotrexate,

  8. Acne meds • Retin A (trentinoin), benzoyl peroxide (astringent) Accutane (very teratogenic, must have preg. Test beforehand and every 3 months, pt. signs wavers of risks),

  9. Antifungals • Amphotericin B (parenteral only means IV or IM, not by mouth) for lung fungi • Chlotrimazole: topical OTC Loprox, Mycelex • Chlotrimazole mixed with cortisone: Lotrisone • Miconazole: Monistat,(vaginal usually for yeast) • Nystatin: (OTC), mycostatin • Tolnaftate: Tinactin powder, cream • Terbinafine: Lamisil, cream, OTC

  10. Topical cortisones • Betamethasone, topicart, dexamethasone, lidex, hydrocortisone, kenalog, topicort, fluocinonide,

  11. Topical antibiotics • Bacitracin, neomycin, erythromycin, silvadene (for DM ulcers) contains sulfadiazine,

  12. Vitamins • B1 Thiamine (beriberi) • B2 Riboflavin (for mucous membranes) • B3 nicotinic acid (protein metabolism) • B5 pantothenic acid (malaise, discoordination) • B6 pyridoxine (for amino acid/fat metabolism) • B9 Folic acid (for RBC growth and avoids birth defects so all pregnant females take them daily) • B12 cyancobalamine (intrinsic factor in stomach for RBC maturation, pernicious anemia)

  13. Biotin: (dermatitis and anorexia) • Ascorbic Acid: scurvy, wound healing) • Retinol: Vitamin A for healthy skin • D: calciferol: rickets, osteoporosis • E: tocopherol: anitoxidant • K: phytonadone: blood clotting

  14. Minerals • Calcium: muscle and nerve function • Chromium: sugar metabolism • Copper: blood clotting • Iodine: thyroid/metabolism function • Iron: RBC synthesis of hemoglobin • Magnesium: muscle function • Potassium: heart and nerve function • Sodium: nerve and muscle function • sulfur: for ATP production • Zinc: immunity, DNA synthesis

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