Malfunctions

1. Malfunctions They drive everything! Written and presented by: Jacqui Chapman

2. Introduction The number and complexity of malfunctions are the cornerstone to the depth of simulation required. WATS 2009

3. The Question • Why is it different from operator training? • What is the function of maintainer training? WATS 2009

4. Operator vs. Maintainer Training Cause and Effect • Where the emphasis is on the effects of a malfunction and it is how an operator reacts to it that is all important • Where the cause of the malfunction is what a maintainer is trying to discover, using the effect as part of a fault diagnosis procedure. WATS 2009

5. Training Form, Fit, Feel, Fidelity and Function • Form – shape of.. • Fit – well suited • Feel – ascertain by touch • Fidelity – precision in reproduction • Function – mode of activity by which a thing fulfils its purpose • Malfunction requirements will help drive the final solution WATS 2009

6. Maintenance Tasks • Scheduled Maintenance • Malfunction Diagnosis • Malfunction Rectification WATS 2009

7. Level of Maintenance • Confirm that there is a malfunction and isolate • Interpretation of monitoring data • Identify the component that has malfunctioned WATS 2009

8. Malfunction Simulation • Confirmation of Failure WATS 2009

9. Malfunction Simulation • Interpretationof Health and Usage Monitoring System WATS 2009

10. Malfunction Simulation • Use of test equipment, failure flow charts WATS 2009

11. Procedural vs. ‘Free Play’ • Fault Propagation • Does the simulation need to display secondary effects? • Diagnosis and Rectification • Does the simulation need to react to deviation? • No – procedural • Yes – Free play WATS 2009

12. WATS 2009

13. IF Engine > x rpm AND Power > 24V dc THEN Pressure Indicators = 3000 psi No Trigger to CWS Flying Controls, Landing Gear & Brakes respond correctly IFEND ELSE IF fault applied THEN Pressure Indicators = 0 psi Trigger the CWS Flying Controls, Landing Gear & Brakes do not respond END IF Confirmation of Failure IF Engine > x rpm AND Power > 24V dc AND no fault applied THEN Pressure Indicators = 3000 psi No Trigger to CWS Flying Controls, Landing Gear & Brakes respond correctly IFEND WATS 2009

14. Interpretation of HUMS If HUMS connected and switched on then HUMS unit = ON Freeplay Switching off systems Disconnecting connectors Incorrect selection of HUMS unit Failures in other system impacting original system • Procedural If no fault applied then If HUMS O/P = then System response HUMS display Else if fault a then If HUMS O/P = then System response HUMS display … WATS 2009

15. Use of Test Equipment If STTE connected and switched on then STTE unit = ON • Procedural If no fault applied then If STTE O/P = then System response STTE display Else if fault a then If STTE O/P = then System response STTE display … • Freeplay • Switching off systems • Disconnecting connectors • Incorrect selection of HUMS unit • Failures in other system impacting original system WATS 2009

16. One Solution • Object Orientated Design • All components emulated Get propagation automatically WATS 2009

17. WATS 2009

18. Simulate vs. Emulate • Simulate is to have the appearance, form, feel and function of… • Emulate is to attempt to equal functionality without necessarily providing form and feel. WATS 2009

19. WATS 2009

20. Conclusion • Understand the level of malfunction coverage required • Understand what the maintainer is being trained to do in reaction to a malfunction • Form, Fit, Feel, Fidelity and Function WATS 2009

21. Malfunctions They drive everything Jacqui.chapman@pennantplc.co.uk www.pennantplc.co.uk WATS 2009