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Chapter 2 Research Process

Chapter 2 Research Process. Part 2: Jan. 26, 2012. Research Process steps (cont.). Random sampling and random assignment RS: RA: Results of random sampling example: Results of random assignment example:. The Correlational Method: determines if two variables are related

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Chapter 2 Research Process

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  1. Chapter 2Research Process Part 2: Jan. 26, 2012

  2. Research Process steps (cont.) • Random sampling and random assignment • RS: • RA: • Results of random sampling example: • Results of random assignment example:

  3. The Correlational Method: determines if two variables are related • Correlation coefficient: Positive, negative, or no correlation? • Cannot make cause-effect conclusions. • Often a third variable can explain relations between 2 variables under study • Example? • Need experiments to determine cause-effect

  4. Experimental Methods: manipulate variables in attempt to examine cause  effect • About 3/4ths of Social Psych research. • Most is done in lab settings. • 2 distinguishing factors: • 1. • 2.

  5. Advantages of Correlational vs. Experimental Research • Adv of Corr Research: • 1) • 2) • Adv of Exp Research: • 1) • 2)

  6. Step 4: Interpreting results • Independent variables: what is manipulated • Examples? • Song lyrics study – • Harassment study – • Dependent variables: observed to determine impact of IV • Examples? • Song lyrics study – • Harassment study -

  7. Subject variables: cannot be manipulated • Examples - • Statistical significance: • Need to determine how likely it is we’d get these results just by chance.

  8. External validity – questions related to whether results will generalize • How can this be assessed? • Problems with convenience samples – • Mundane realism – • Experimental realism - • Internal validity – questions related to whether IV causes effects on the DV • How can this be assessed? • Use of control groups – • Experimenter expectancies -

  9. Deception • Use of deception in some experiments • Types of deception: • Confederates – how are they used? • Benefits of deception? • Ethical concerns?

  10. Ethical Issues • Should reduce stress for the participant • Cost/Benefit analysis – • Institutional Review Board (IRB) approves studies • Must obtain informed consent: • Debriefing after the study:

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