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Division Anthophyta

Division Anthophyta. Flowering Plants. Adaptations. Variety of Species Live in a variety of climates Roots & stems for food storage Leaves adapted to available light & moisture. 3 Types of Life Spans. Annual—year/less Biennial—2 yrs Perennial—several yrs. 2 Classes. Monocotyledons

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Division Anthophyta

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  1. Division Anthophyta Flowering Plants

  2. Adaptations • Variety of Species • Live in a variety of climates • Roots & stems for food storage • Leaves adapted to available light & moisture

  3. 3 Types of Life Spans • Annual—year/less • Biennial—2 yrs • Perennial—several yrs

  4. 2 Classes Monocotyledons smaller group; 1 seed leaf (cotyledon); vascular bundles scattered throughout the stem; groups of 3; grasses, orchids, lilies, palms

  5. Dicotyledons 2 seed leaves; vascular bundles in a ring between the cortex & pith; shrubs, trees, wildflowers, herbs

  6. Structures of Angiosperms • Roots – anchor plant & absorb water & minerals • Stems—support leaves & flowers; contain vascular tissue (woody stems allow for greater height) • Vascular Tissue—transports water, mineral, and food through the plant

  7. Leaves – trap light energy; gas exchange (stomata); • modified leaves—protection, reduced water loss, food storage • Flower – complex structure where sexual reproduction takes place; 4 organs (sepals, petals, stamen, & pistils)

  8. Complete Flower • Have all 4 organs; ex. Tiger Lily & Morning Glory

  9. Incomplete Flowers • Missing 1 or more reproductive organs; separate male & female flowers (squash flowers)

  10. Adaptations for Pollination • Wind Dispersal – random • Nectar –attracts animal pollinators • Flower Color & Scent – attracts pollinators • Shape, Color, & Size of flower is specific to attract specific pollinators

  11. Plants & Stimulus • Tropism – response to external stimulus; not reversible (grows toward/away) • Nastic Movement – response not dependent on direction of stimulus; reversible

  12. Plant Hormones Chemical produced in 1 part of the plant & transported to another part, where it causes a change • Auxins – promotes stem, leaf, & root growth, fruit development, ripening, & drooping, leaf dropping • Gibberellins – stimulate cell elongation (grow taller)

  13. Abscisic Acid – closes stomata, produce dormancy in seeds & buds • Ethylene Gas – hormone that speeds up the ripening of fruit; produced on the plasma membrane; causes withering of flower parts after fertilization & promotes dropping leaves in the fall

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