IDN The History and Opportunities in China

1. IDNThe History and Opportunitiesin China June, 2011 Singapore

2. Why we need IDN If computer doesn’t have Chinese operation system, China wouldn’t become the biggest computer consuming country. • Language is most important for human being communication. Different languages Different cultures COMMUNICATION PROBLEM

3. Why we need IDN IDN plays an important role in Language Adaptation in Internet. Example: .COM registration in China • Before 2006, the English spelling domain name’s price keep raising in domain name trading market. • After 2006, PinYin spelling domain name which has the Chinese pronunciation become more expensive than the English spelling domain name in domain name trading market. (such as: baidu.com is a PinYin Spelling Domain) The popularity of the PinYin spelling .com domain names proofs the need of IDN in China. It also proofs the real IDN will have a bigger market in non English speaking country.

4. History of IDN in China 2000 • IDN Services Providers in China • Network Solutions from America • IDN-S from Singapore • CNNIC in China • Fee • CNNIC is providing FREE IDN service for 1st Year • IDN-S and Network Solutions are not for free

5. History of IDN in China In the end of 2000, over 1 million IDNs are registered: • Free IDN in CNNIC: over 1 million • Not free IDN: approximately 100,000

6. History of IDN in China 2001-2003 However, the good view didn’t last long, the IDN promotion in CHINA encountered its owen difficulties from 2001 to 2003. All the IDNs have to use Plug-ins to resolve the delegation problem. It caused a number of issues:   • the stability of the Plug-ins. • The compatibility btw Plug-ins and operation system, example: the plug-ins cannot install, uninstall, function. • Downloading difficulties of the plug-ins. • Acceptance problem of users • Applications of IDN (Email, FTP and etc.)

7. History of IDN in China After 2001 Problems continued: • System compatibility is low • Rogue software Interference • Users’ misunderstanding about IDN • Application Problem IDNs were rarely registered and renewed Finally users gave up on IDNs CNNIC became the only organization that was still working on promoting the IDN.

8. History of IDN in China 2005 • After 2005, CNNIC intensified the promotion of IDN in China. • The IDN registration started grow, however, it still didn’t reach the volume in the year of 2000. 2006 • .CN registration became the third largest CCTLDs in the world • CNNIC used this great opportunity. They united other organizations raised the IDN issue to ICANN at the same year.

9. History of IDN in China The year 2010 IDN CCTLD finally became a member of domains family

10. The current promotion situation and the problems of IDN in China 90% government website starts use Chinese IDN • Ministry of Foreign Affairs, • Ministry of Education, • Ministry of Finance • and other central government websites • all provinces, states, city government websites Example: 上海市政府.CN (ShangHai City), 广东省政府.CN (GuangDong Province)

11. The current promotion situation and the problems of IDN in China • Chinese government website is always the key approach for the public to: • understand the government information, • acquire the online services, • join the Supervision of government. • The Chinese IDN has the advantage of setting up a standard and authorized government image, and also enlarging the influence of the government among citizens.

12. The current promotion situation and the problem of IDN in China • 90% of the users are willing to use Chinese IDN • The Chinese IDN is easier to remember and spread among Chinese speakers. According to CNNIC’s statistics: • 90% of the interviewers like to use their own language to surf in the Internet; • over 70% of the internet users think Chinese can explain a better meaning of famous “Brands” in China.

13. We need IDN in China! Chinese Internet users have reached 1370 million. It becomes the largest Internet society in the world. They need use their own language to surf in the Internet. This demand will popularize the Chinese IDN, and it will raise another wave of IDN application.

14. Advantages of IDN Increase the Accuracy of Domain name in China • There is a high repeatability of Chinese pronunciation (PinYin). • Over 1000 characters have different meanings but sound alike. • This caused a very high repeatability of PinYin spelling domain names. • Eg: “kai xin” in China meanings happy However in PinYin: “Kai” has 34different characters. “Xin” has 46 different characters. Therefore, It will have over trillion different meanings with different combinations.

15. Advantage of IDN Promotion Situations above created a severe controversy in Internet. • This controversy is harmful for the protection of Intellectual property. • The companies have to cybersquate to register their own brand. This is the major cause of the dispute. On the contrary, the Chinese IDN can illustrate accurate meaning of the brandby using the mother tongue of the local people. And significantly reduce the confusion of the domain.

16. Advantage of IDN Promotion IDN can increase the security and reduce the management cost • With the PinYin spelling domain name, a large amount of fraud website, email addresses can easily commit the fraud crime. • The government, banks, famous enterprises don’t have their distinguished name in Internet in China, which is the major reason of widely spreading phishing emails. • It also caused the user’s confusion when they received the phishing email.

17. The Difficulties of Promotion • The domain name registration management organizations are profit oriented. This will increase the price of IDN. • Chinese domain name registration regulation doesn’t allow citizen to have personalized domains. • There is no marketing advisement for IDN. People have limit resource to know IDNs. • .COM and .NET remain domination position. For their own profit, they use the public opinions to lead the deviation of the understanding of IDN.

18. The advantage of adding new IDN GTLDs NOW we can add new IDN GTLDs to enlarge the influence of IDN. The IDN GTLDs can increase the accuracy of the meaning of industries • .化工 pharmaceutical industries, • .影视 film industries, • .金融 finance. These characterscan demonstrate a better ideas among Chinese speaking people. This is also an efficient way to reduce the confusion caused by English typo.

19. The advantage of adding new IDN GTLDs After long domination period of .com and .net, the understanding of domain name and domain name business cannot be improved. By adding the new GTLD, we can break the development barrier and resolve the problem as below: • The difficulty of Domain name management • The surprisingly high cost which companies need protect their Brands in Internet. • The difficulty to register a good .com/.net domain • A lot of large enterprises and organizations have problem with exposure in Internet.

20. The advantage of adding new IDN GTLDs By adding the new GTLDs • The famous companies brands’ Intellectual properties protection • Improve understanding of the Domain name • Reduce the confusion caused by language Eg: Citi bank = 花旗银行=huaqi yinhang • Only the owner of the business can apply (原主申请) the IDN GTLD cannot be used by other entities

21. Opportunities of IDN in Future With the increasing attention on Chinese IDNs, the utilization range of Chinese IDN will expand, and the users of IDNs will be more and more. The Chinese IDN will become the most popular and useful domain in China.

22. Thank You!