Florida Atlantic University’s

1. Florida Atlantic University’s Human Powered Submarine Team Talon 1, 2011…

2. Meet the Team! CHRIS NUNES, GEORGE VALDES, BRIAN TURK, MIKE METZGER, CHARLOTTE GEORGE, ANDREW HARRINGTON, MARIO MIRANDA, ADRIAN DESILVA HEATHER DUPUIS, NICOLE PERRY, JASON MCCULLOUGH,EVERETT JONES, JOSEPH SMITH MICHAEL NEAL, ANDREW SPENCE, EVAN STALKER, JOSH POTESTA. Advisor – Dr. Edgar An

3. Our HPS TEAM encourages all students at FAU to take part in the challenges presented to us. • HPS Members must be a student at FAU and can join anytime from their Freshmen to Senior Year. • We take pride in our accomplishments but are always trying to make things better no matter what the obstacle is.

4. TALON 1 2011 2009- TALON 1

5. What’s New • Improved Design • Hull hydrodynamics improved • All internal systems revamped

6. Goals • Fastest and most maneuverable one-person submarine, with propeller • Set new Guinness World record for fastest one person pedaled submarine • Do the best we can with the given time constraints • Prepare for surprise problems that can occur during the race • Meet other sub-enthusiasts • Generate public interest

7. Design Philosophy • Extra attention given to creating laminar flow over the fins and propeller, in order to produce more thrust • Reduce drag across entire hull. • Improve existing systems based on past experiences • Counter balance propeller torque internally

8. Fins • Rear rudders positioned out of the flow of the body • Flat fins for uniform flow and to reduce drag • Fairings- horizontal stabilizers and rudders • Rear rudder, with fairing, is parallel to the top of the hull • Laminar flow

9. Lift:AV²(0.5)(Coefficient of Lift)(Angle of Attack)

10. Hull Fabrication Step 1: Prepare Surfaces, Cut front section. Step 2: Space Shell Pieces 5 inches and secure. Step 3: Fuse bottom half. Step 4: Join rear top and bottom. Step 5: Add aluminum support. Bend Plexiglass to fit front.

11. Elongated gertler shape (from an AUV) 5 inch spacing added longitudinally to the hull to allow room for pedal rotation and other necessary components. Hull

12. Propulsion • Recycled direct drive pedal system utilizing a 3:1 ring and pinion gear system • Two mounting shaft brackets with a plastic bearing mount for smooth spinning • Aluminum Propeller Shaft for reduced rotational mass. Drive shaft out of the submarine

13. Propulsion • 14” long mount, 8” gear box extension • Driver can differentiate between 5’6” and 6” • Custom mount that fits to the modified hull • Adjustable crank arm positions. • SPD style bicycle pedals with modified clip-in shoes.

14. Propulsion • Our most efficient propeller with foam tapered cone to minimize drag on the hub. • Aluminum prop. 22” long by 3” wide with a 16 degree pitch to give optimal propulsion • Similar to an airplane propeller

15. Buoyancy • Size and design of sub left little room for placement of foam and trim weights • Utilized two pound poly urethane foam maximizing buoyancy and interior space. • 5” spacer and the horizontal and vertical stabilizers reduce the torque effect • Natural up righting effect with placement denser materials below the mid-point

16. Spacing and the positioning of the foam in the upper radius was enough to completely counter-act the torque caused by the propeller

17. Steering • Cable driven steering system utilizing dual bicycle brake handles to maximize pilot ergonomics • Elongated brake handle used for dead man system incorporated into steering to further pilot ergonomics • Driver restraint harness

19. Life Support • Aluminum 60 or 45 SCUBA tank • Tank allows more than 2/3 leftover air volume at the end of one run • Emergency pony bottle • 9 ft. low pressure wreck/cave diving second stage regulator hose

20. Safety • Diver restraint harness with dual orange release buckles on each strap. • Two-way latch release bar • Dead-man buoy system with a short mechanical delay

21. Emergency pony bottle • Easy exit “clip in” shoes with safety straps attached to velcro • Vent holes in hatch • Orange propeller tips

22. Dead Man’s Switch • Spindle with mechanical brake • Motorcycle brake handle • Three inch PVC pipe • Deadman handle mounted to the steering grip

23. Testing Resin-materials testing Faring Mold Model Used

25. Dead Man brake became unreliable -Fabrication of new dead man brake assembly and shaft. Steering failure do to excessive attack angle of fins. -Redesigned steering system limits angle of attack. Sub had natural negative buoyancy due to the materials (233 lbs in air, 80 lbs in water) -Installment of foam to make buoyancy slightly positive. -Trim weights used to achieve neutral buoyancy depending on fresh or salt water. Original nose on submarine was hydro dynamically inefficient -New Polycarbonate nosecone formed Testing Male mold for nose cone Female mold for nose cone

26. Scuba tank placement in the tail of the submarine, behind the pedals and the gearbox View from above the submarine, of the tank in place, next to the dead man’s switch

27. Bernoulli principle:A(dx/dt)V = -A(p) • Calculating the pressure differential proved 1,250 lbs of force on the hatch (1.87 lbs per square inch at 7 knots) • Originally, one latch and one mounting pin was installed but due to the anticipated pressure on the hatch, the sub has been modified to three latches and three mounting pins.

28. Budget • Talon 1 2011: ~ $3825 • Hull: $45 • Steering: $55 • Windows/ nose cone: $75 • Gear Box: $150 • Travel: $3500 • Talon 1 2009: between $1500-$2000 • Hull : $1300 • Steering: $200 • Dead Man: $50 • Fins: $120