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Chapter 39: Reproduction, Growth And Development

Chapter 39: Reproduction, Growth And Development. By Mr. A. Rogan. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development. Introduction: Male and female reproductive organs produce Sex cells (Gametes). Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development.

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Chapter 39: Reproduction, Growth And Development

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  1. Chapter 39: Reproduction, Growth And Development By Mr. A. Rogan

  2. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Introduction: • Male and female reproductive organs produce Sex cells (Gametes).

  3. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Female sex cell called the ovum or the egg. • Produced in the ovary • Ovum – 0.1 mm long

  4. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Male sex cells are Sperm. • Sperm are produced in the testis • Sperm – 0.01 mm long

  5. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Zygote – When an egg and a sperm fuse they form a zygote. • Zygotes develop into a new individual.

  6. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Fertilisation: • Fertilisation is the fusion (joining together) of an egg cell with a sperm cell.

  7. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development

  8. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development

  9. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Male Reproductive Parts: • Sperm Duct • Penis • Testis • Scrotum • Prostrate Gland • Urethra

  10. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Sperm Duct: • Carries Sperm from testis to urethra • Penis: • Releases sperm and passes into the vagina

  11. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Testis: • Produces sperm and testosterone. • Scrotum: • Holds the testes and keeps them at the right temperature.

  12. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Prostrate Gland: • Secretes fluid which help sperm to swim – Semen. • Urethra: • Carries sperm during intercourse and urine during excretion.

  13. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development.

  14. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Female Reproductive Parts: • Ovary • Neck of womb • Fallopian tube • Womb • Vagina

  15. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Ovary: • Produces eggs and oestrogen • Neck of womb: • Cervix- entrance to the womb

  16. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Fallopian Tube: • Carries the egg from the ovary to the womb • Womb: • Uterus – hold developing embryo

  17. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Vagina: • Holds the penis during intercourse. • It is the birth canal, down which the baby passes.

  18. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Puberty: • 10 – 15 years • Changes to body • Caused by hormones (body chemicals) • Now physically capable of having a baby.

  19. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Changes To Body: • Male: • Voice Deepening • Underarm hair • Facial Hair • Sperm Production • Pubic Hair

  20. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Changes To Body: • Female: • Underarm Hair • Breasts Develop • Widening Of Hips • Pubic Hair

  21. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Menstrual Cycle: • 1 egg released from an ovary once a month – Ovulation. • Egg travels to the uterus

  22. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Menstrual Cycle: • The uterus wall becomes thick and rich in blood vessels. • If unfertilized, the egg passes out via the vagina.

  23. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Menstrual Cycle: • Menstruation – The uterus wall is now not needed so it breaks down and is also shed

  24. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Menstrual Cycle: • This occurs once a month unless the egg is fertilised. • After 45 – 50 years of age, no more eggs are produced – Menopause.

  25. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Intercourse: • 200,000,000 sperm released from a stiff, erect penis into woman's vagina (near cervix) – copulation.

  26. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Fertilisation: • Sperm swim through cervix, up the uterus into the fallopian tubes. • If an egg is present fertilisation may occur.

  27. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Even if no egg is present, sperm may live for 2 – 3 days in the woman's body. • Egg may live for 24 hours.

  28. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Development Of Foetus: • Sperm + Egg = Zygote • Zygote divides many times to form ball of cells.

  29. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • It travels to the womb. • The ball of cells (embryo) sticks to and sinks into the womb wall (full of blood vessels) – nourishment. • Implantation.

  30. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • The embryo develops for 40 weeks in the womb.

  31. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development

  32. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Family Planning: • Limiting and spacing the number of children a couple have.

  33. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • How? • By using contraception: • Natural Methods – avoid intercourse around ovulation.

  34. Chapter 45: Reproduction, Growth And Development • Artificial Methods • The pill – prevents ovulation • Condoms – Prevent sperm from reaching the egg

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