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Lecture 6.5: Skeletal System

Lecture 6.5: Skeletal System. Facial Bones. Protect and support digestive and respiratory tracts. Maxillary Bones. Floor of orbits Walls of nasal cavity Hard palate—roof of mouth. Figure 6.12b. Palatine Bone (paired). Posterior to hard palate. Figure 6.12b. Vomer.

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Lecture 6.5: Skeletal System

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  1. Lecture 6.5: Skeletal System

  2. Facial Bones • Protect and support digestive and respiratory tracts

  3. Maxillary Bones • Floor of orbits • Walls of nasal cavity • Hard palate—roof of mouth

  4. Figure 6.12b

  5. Palatine Bone (paired) • Posterior to hard palate

  6. Figure 6.12b

  7. Vomer • Forms part of nasal septum

  8. Figure 6.11a

  9. Zygomatic bone • Cheekbones

  10. Figure 6.11a

  11. Nasal Bone • Bridge of nose

  12. Figure 6.11a

  13. Lacrimal Bone • Orbits medial surface

  14. Figure 6.11a

  15. Inferior nasal conchae (paired) • Lateral nasal cavity • Slows airflow

  16. Figure 6.12c

  17. Mandible • Lower Jaw • Only moveable facial bone

  18. Figure 6.11a

  19. Hyoid Bone • U-Shaped • Base for larynx muscles (voicebox), tongue and pharynx • Stabilizes larynx • “Adams Apple”

  20. Figure 6.14

  21. Skulls of Infants • Fusion of bones not complete at birth • Fontanels—soft spots • Flexible • Allows skull to expand with brain

  22. Figure 6.15b

  23. Vertebral Column • AKA: Spine • Cervical Vertebrae—7 • C1-C7 • Neck Region • Thoracic Vertebrae—12 • T1-T12 • Articulates with ribs • Lumbar Vertebrae—5 • L1-L5 • Lower Back • Sacrum—5 fused vertebrae • Coccyx--Tailbone

  24. Figure 6.16

  25. Spinal curvature • 4 Spinal curves • Primary curves—thoracic and sacral • Appear late in fetal development • Secondary curves—cervical and lumbar • Appear months after birth • Cervical—infant can hold up their head • Lumbar—child can stand

  26. Figure 6.16

  27. Abnormal Spinal curves • Kyphosis—exaggerated thoracic curvature • Lordosis—exaggerated lumbar curvature • Scoliosis—abnormal lateral curvature

  28. Vertebral Anatomy • Vertebral body—massive, weight-bearing portion • Intervertebral disc—lies between each vertebrae • Vertebral canal—encloses spinal cord • Intervertebral foramina—gaps that allow nerves to run off

  29. Figure 6.17a

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