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RAD 354 Chapt 7 X-ray Production

RAD 354 Chapt 7 X-ray Production. The primary purpose of an x-ray tube is to accelerate electrons across the tube and suddenly stop them in the target to produce electromagnetic x-ray photons 99% of the electrical energy is dissipated as heat

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RAD 354 Chapt 7 X-ray Production

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  1. RAD 354 Chapt 7 X-ray Production • The primary purpose of an x-ray tube is to accelerate electrons across the tube and suddenly stop them in the target to produce electromagnetic x-ray photons • 99% of the electrical energy is dissipated as heat • mAs DIRECTLY affects the AMOUNT of photons produced • kVp makes the PRODUCTION of x-rays “slightly” more efficient

  2. X-rays are made via two ways • Brems

  3. Characteristic

  4. X-rays produced • X-rays are emitted “isotropically” (in all directions) • The x-ray beam is “Polychromatic” (many energies • MAX energy is produced by min wavelength • Duane-Hunt Law 12.4/kVp = min. wavelength

  5. kVp effects • kVp increase is equal to the “square of the factor by which kVp is raised” • kVp increases • Results in increased energies at ALL levels • The GREATER the increase, the GREATER the energies • Increases “skew” the x-ray emission spectrum to the RIGHT

  6. Filtration • Inherent - .5mm al equiv. (will increase over time as tungsten “boils off and coats” the window • Added – 2.0 al added for the 70-80 kVp level • Total filtration is the SUM of inherent and added • INCREASES the average “hardness” of the beam • Does NOT INCREASE any photon’s energy, only raises the AVERAGE hardness

  7. Target thoughts • Increasing the atomic # of the rarget (anode) will INCREASE the production of x-rays • INCREASE in mAs = INCREASE in numbers of PHOTONS • INCREASE in kVp = INCREASE in QUALITY and slight increase in production efficiency of x-rays

  8. Wave forms • Half wave • Full wave • 3 phase • 6 pulse • 12 pulse High frequency generators

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