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Dipole-Dipole

Dipole-Dipole. An intermolecular force that exists between polar molecules. Definition in English. Dipole-Dipole force is a type of intermolecular force/bonding. It’s the attraction between opposite charges (negative and positive) of molecules that are close together.

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Dipole-Dipole

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  1. Dipole-Dipole An intermolecular force that exists between polar molecules.

  2. Definition in English • Dipole-Dipole force is a type of intermolecular force/bonding. • It’s the attraction between opposite charges (negative and positive) of molecules that are close together.

  3. What Molecules it Applies to… • Dipole – Dipole forces applies to any polar molecule • A polar molecule is a molecule with a partial positive charge on one side and a partial negative charge on the other sides. • (think like a magnet!)

  4. Conditions? • First – There needs to be at least 2 polar molecules close together . • Second – The two polar molecules must be facing opposite ends for the process of the bonding. • Negative faces Positive, and vice-versa.

  5. One Step Further:How would you apply dipole-dipole bonding to solubility? • Solubility is defined as the quantity of a particular substance that can dissolve in a particular solvent. Dipole-Dipole bonding shows which substance can dissolve in what solvent.

  6. More Info! Permanent Dipole- The result of the covalent bonding between 2 different molecules. (Also known as dipole-dipole interactions and exist between polar molecules) All diatomic molecules (molecules composed only of two atoms, of either the same or different chemical elements) with polar bonds form permanent dipoles. • The strengths of intermolecular attractions increase when polarity increases. • When polar molecules bond, they are said to have a dipole moment. • Strength of the force depends on the polarity of the molecule.

  7. Scenario The two couples are two polar molecules. Girl is positive, bonded already (permanent dipole) with a negative boy. They come close to another couple. Positive girl is facing negative boy…what do you think will happen?

  8. Example Dipole – Dipole Force (Attraction!) • HCl -The reaction of the dipole-dipole force aligns HCl as seen below. Negative Positive

  9. What Have We Learned? • Dipole-Dipole force- a type of intermolecular force / bonding. • It requires at least two polar molecules with opposite charges facing each other for bonding. • A Permanent Dipole is the result of the covalent bonding between 2 different molecules. • All diatomic molecules with polar bonds form permanent dipoles.

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