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The Menstrual and Ovarian Cycles

The Menstrual and Ovarian Cycles. Vocabulary- The Hormones. Secreted by Pituitary: FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) Stimulates follicle to cause egg to mature LH (Luteinizing Hormone) Causes release of mature ovum ( ovulation ) Prepares uterus for implantation of fertilized egg.

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The Menstrual and Ovarian Cycles

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  1. The Menstrual and Ovarian Cycles

  2. Vocabulary- The Hormones • Secreted by Pituitary: • FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) • Stimulates follicle to cause egg to mature • LH (Luteinizing Hormone) • Causes release of mature ovum (ovulation) • Prepares uterus for implantation of fertilized egg

  3. Vocabulary- The Hormones • Secreted by Ovaries: • Estrogen • Causes uterine lining to thicken • Progesterone: • Works with estrogen to finish uterine lining thickening

  4. Vocabulary- The Cycles • Ovarian Cycle: • Occurs for 28 days in the ovaries • Process during which an ovum matures in a follicle and is released during ovulation • After ovulation, a corpus luteum (yellow body) is left behind

  5. The Ovarian Cycle: YouTube video clip

  6. Vocabulary- The Cycles • Menstrual (Uterine) Cycle: • Occurs for 28 days • Process during which uterine lining is preparing for fertilized ovum • If fertilization occurs, this cycle stops until after birth • If not fertilized, lining sheds (menstruation!) and cycle begins again

  7. The Menstrual Cycle: The Video Clip

  8. THESE TWO CYCLES ARE GOING AT THE SAME TIME!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! • I REPEAT: THESE CYCLES RUN TOGETHER AT THE SAME TIME!

  9. What is going on all at once?

  10. The Beginning and the End: Menstruation • Occurs if egg is not fertilized • Days 1- 5 • Corpus luteum (yellow body) breaks down • This causes drop in estrogen and progesterone • Uterine lining sheds • FSH increases during

  11. Phase 2: Follicular Phase • Days 5 –13 • Low estrogen = FSH to be released • This stimulates growth of follicle • Egg begins to mature • Follicle matures causing estrogen levels up • Uterine lining begins to thicken again

  12. Phase 3: Ovulation • Days 13-15 • Sudden rush of FSH • Major SPIKE of LH • This causes follicle to break and release egg into fallopian tube • FERTILIZATION MOST LIKELY TO OCCUR AT END OF OVULATION!

  13. Phase 4: Luteal Phase • Days 15-28 • LH and FSH levels crash • Corpus luteum forms from broken follicle • Corpus luteum secretes estrogen and progesterone • This thickens uterine lining to prepare for egg

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