INGLESE

1. Facoltà di Economia II Semestre a.a. 2013 – 2014 30 ore - 4 CFU Dott. Alice Endellion MACKENZIE mackenzie@unisi.it INGLESE

2. Livello B1 - COUNCIL OF EUROPE (PET – BEC- preliminary) BEC – Idoneità Già consegnato e verbalizzato online Prerequisiti

3. IMPORTANTE Se la prenotazione all'appello non rispetta la sequenza stabilita dalle regole di propedeuticità l'esame sostenuto sarà annullato. Il B1 deve essere già verbalizzato online per poter accedere all’iscrizione all’appello della prova d’Inglese di questo corso.

4. Esame Fuori Corso • L’esame fuori corso è riservata agli studenti: • - fuori corso • - a tempo parziale • - agli iscritti all’ultimo anno di corso per l’anno accademico di riferimento

5. Course Level: B1 + / B2 Lavorando verso B2 Workingtowardslevel B2 In the Common European Framework of Reference

6. I risultati • I risultati con l’esito della prova saranno sempre caricati sulla segreteria online dopo una o due settimane max. • www.https://segreteriaonline.unisi.it • Valutazione della Porva: IDONEO / NON IDONEO

7. Verbalizzazione sul libretto cartaceo • Sarà possibile verbalizzare la prova sul libretto cartaceo durante ricevimento. • Controllate online per eventuale variazioni con avvisi riguarda l’orario di ricevimento

8. Mercoledì dalle 12:00 alle 13:00 mackenzie@unisi.it Durante periodo delle lezioni Presso Dip. Studi Aziendali e Giuridici Laboratorio Linguistico Ricevimento

9. Calendario • Inizio corso: 7 marzo 2014 • Fine corso: 9 maggio 2014 • Gruppo [00-49] • Mercodelì dalle 10:00 alle 12:00 Aula Caparrelli • Venerdì dalle 08:00 alle 10:00 Aula Caparrelli Gruppo [50 – 99] • Mercoledì dalle 14:00 alle 16:00 Aula Caparrelli • Venerdì dalle 10:00 alle 12:00 Aula Caparrelli

10. To improvereadingcomprehensionskills and help develop general awareness of the particularlanguageused in economic or business typearticles. To become more familiarised with a set of business and economicvocabulary via the acquisition of the keywords and phrases and via the analysis of theirpatterns of collocation and word formation. To consolidate languageaccuracy via the analysis and practice of the keygrammaritems from B1+ up to elements of B2 level. To enhancewritingskills in an economic or business context in such a way to encouragestudents to writing more effectively and appropriately. AIMS

11. Companies and Start-ups Finance and Corporate Governance Marketing and Advertising Manufacturing and Productivity Innovation and Creativity Describing Statistics/ Graphs and Trends/Numbers Jobs: Job Seeking -Recruitment – Interviewing Career Management –Job Motivation -Absenteeism Protecting the Environment Economics and Happiness E-Business Trade – Fair Trade - Ethics Course Reading and Vocabulary Topics

12. Writing Focus • Business letters • Letter of complaint • Letter of enquiry • Thank you letters • Letter of appology • Invitation to conferences • E-mails for making/confirming arrangements • Job application letter /cover letter • Rejection letters – Letter of appointment – and corresponding replies

13. Presentsimple and continuous, presentperfect Pastsimple, pastcontinuous, pastperfectsimple and continuous Future forms (be going to + inf, presentcontinuous, will/shall + inf Allconditionals and future time clauses Future perfect and future continuous The Passive: Allforms Gerunds and infinitives Comparatives and superlatives Adjectives, adverbs and adverbialphrases Phrasalverbs (a selection) Relative pronouns and defining/non defining relative clauses Reportedspeech Modals of obligation, deduction, ability and possibility Pastmodals (must/might/can't, etc. + havepastparticiple) Structures after wish Used to/ be used to/ getusedto Clauses of purpose and contrast Prepositions in economiccontext GrammarContent (B1 + - B2)

14. Youshouldalready be familiar with the followinggrammarquestions and able to answerthem. Makesureyoualso cover the B1 + level and some B2 elements of grammarwhichwill be covered in thiscourse: See part II of grammarsection in Dispensa for B2 elements.

15. Grammartypequestions B1 level • 1 She _______ if he’d ever been to Spain. • a) said b) told c) told me d) asked • 2 The product _______ three times before it goes to the packaging area. • a) is tested b) tests c) are testing d) are tested • 3 They are planning _____ their new campaign next Spring. • a) launch b) launching c) to go launching d) to launch

16. 4) You look exhasted! • I am. I ………………infront of the computer all morning. • worked • have been working • did work • 5) How long………….you ………….English? • Since October. (learn) • 6) When I woke up this morning, I could hear that it …………very hard. (rain)

17. 1: Which one of the following expresses a future possibility? John ____________ computer science at university next year. a) might study b) is going to study c) will study d) is studying 2: Which one is NOT possible? I'll call you when __________. a) I've arrived b) I'm arriving c) I'llarrived) I arrive

18. 4: Which future form is correct and natural? Guess what? _____________ married next spring! a) I'llgetb) I'mgetting c) I'm going to get d) I get 5: Which expression describes time in the past, and not the future? a) from now on b) oneday c) in the old days d) sooner or later

19. 6: Which sentence expresses a definite future intention/plan? Mary ______________ a new house. • might buy • may buy • is going to buy/ is buying • is thinking about buying

20. Other grammar type questions: • Transform and finish the sentence to have the same meaning: • 1) «Have you got the documents we need?» • She asked whether I …………………………….. • 2) “Are you still working for Novartis?” • He asked if I …….still …………….....................

21. Youalsoneed to know (B2) • Third Conditional • Structures after Wish • Future time clauses • Future Perfect and Future Continuous • More verbs which take Gerund or Infinitive • Past modals: must/might/can’t etc. + have + past participle (deductions and speculations about past actions) • Reporting verbs (some)

22. http://www.examenglish.com/FCE/fce_grammar.htm http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/quizzes/quiznet/archive_2003.shtml Grammar Practice online

23. 10 – Economics and Happiness/E Business 11 – Business and the Environment 12 – Jobs and Recruitment 13 –Jobs and Career Management 14 –Writing Emails and Letters I 15 – Writing Emails and Letters II 15 Lessons • 1 - Course Presentation • 2 - Companies • 3 – Company Finances • 4 – Marketing and Selling • 5 – Brand Management • 6 - Advertising • 7 –Innovation & Creativity • 8 –Describing Statistics • 9 – Graphs and Trends

24. Companies • Setting up business, the founders of companies, company success • Different types: Mergers, takeovers, partnerships, multinationals, joint ventures, family businesses, high-tech corporations. • Company changes: company structures in the past and in the present. Standardised/customised production • What kind of changes? Re-locating, out-sourcing, off-shoring • Different types of companies: mergers, multi-national, subsidiaries, joint-ventures • How companies face change. What are the challenges? Are they threatened? Companies and globalisation. • Companies and productivity – Manufacturing – • Groups of people in companies: shareholders, management, workforce

25. Companies and Corporate Governance • Company financial performance, financial reporting: regular or irregular? (Auditors like SEC) We are talkingaboutmismanagement and irregularities, accountingfailure, bankruptcy • Corporate rule? More strict? • Company investigations and financialrisksas a consequence of globalisation • Scandals (like Parmalat, Enron, Ahold) • Companies in dept due to overstatingtheirprofits

26. Financial Terms • Market shares • Shareholders • Turnover/Revenues • Dividend, gross profit, net profit…. • Depts/credits • Margin/mark up/ profits … • Stock exchange • Capital • Loan • leasing

27. MARKETING and BRANDS • The various activities of the marketing activities: the so called marketing mix: • the “4 P”: Product, Price, Promotion and Place. • Marketing and Brands: Brand image • Images linked to products; people's attitudes to brands. Do brands provide us with beliefs? • Do brands stand for what they really are? • Describing functions and quality of products • Are people vulnerable? Are we manipulated into buying things? • What products appeal to customers? • What is brand loyalty? brand image? Brand stretching? Brand awareness?

28. Selling and Marketing - Advertising • Different traditional selling methods: sales promotions, sponsorship, public relations, advertising media, direct marketing… • New ways of marketing: “guerrilla marketing” a different approach. Online advertising: pop-ups, banners…(controlled) word of mouth • What is a sales pitch? A sales rep? (representative) An advertising campaign? Branding? A dealer? Agressive/soft talk • How difficult is it to market your product successfully?Marketing and targetting a market: potential customers (market research)Who are your potential customers/clients?

29. PRODUCTS • lifecycle of products • Product range • Product placement • Product endorcement • Lauching products • Sales forecasts

30. Otherterms and keywordsto go into companies • Suppliers • Wholesalers • Retailers • Sponsorship

31. Describing statistics • Describing trends and graphs: • Increase, rise, decline, jump, soar, plummet, rocket, slide, nosedive, fluctuate… • What is a peak? a drop? a recovery? • Adjectives and adverbs? Used to describe to what degree, by how much and how fast trends change. • Dramatically hugely or slightly moderately significantly, substantially, rapidly, sharply

32. Describing statistics • Youneed to be able to interpretate graphs and trends • Youneed to be able to use prepositionsin thisparticular area of the language: Eg: the share price rose to 16 euro by 15 % • Understand the importance of linkersin graphdescriptions: while/ whereas/ although/despite • Example: The prices of petrolhadplungedin Spain last monthwhereasthe prices of petrol in France werestillgraduallyincreasing.

33. Graphs and trends continued • The differencebetweensimilarverbs: rise/raise. Does the price of petrolrise or raiseas a result of the politicalissuestakingplaceat the moment. Are these transitive or intransitive verbs? Do they take an object?

34. Jobs and Recruitment • Here we are focussing on language to express different ways for getting a job. Job advertisements, internet, personnal contacts... • We are therefore talking about «job-seeking» • The online job market: job-search website. • What different work experiences one can get before a permanent job: work placements, apprenticeships, graduate trainee schemes, stages… • What kind of work? Part-time?shift work?Tele-work?

35. Sample vocab To getpromoted To applyfor an interview To be sacked/ to get the sack/to be made redundant/ unemployed/to be dismissed/ to be disbanded/ to be fired To have a salary/ to be on the dole To be shortlistedfor a job/ to be accepted/ to be rejected/ to be selected What are skills? Qualities? Qualifications? References? Referees?Achievements?

36. Job Motivation and Recruitmentin HR (Human Resources) Job satisfactionand job motivation Whatdifferent ways can a company motivate itsemployees? Whatis the differencebetween: employer and employee Whataboutcandidates and applicants? And interviewer and interviwee? An interview?

37. About jobs … Doespaydepend on job description? Or job productivity? Or by raisingproductivity?

38. Word formations: Example: word formation An applicantapplies for a job To applyfor a job/ a post To send in yourapplication Example: Word collocation: To fill in an applicationform To meet a deadlineto hand inyourapplication To make a complaintabout a problem

39. Productivity • Here we are talking about productivity in manufacturing context. The way companies can improve their productivity. • We will be talking about the suppliers and the manufacturers and the application of «just in time delivery» or BTO «built to order» and sales forecasts, assembly lines, delivery, quality control, staff shortage • Other terminology: stock, warehouse, efficiency, wasting resources, cutting costs

40. Competition • There are manyidioms(expressions) usedwhentalkingaboutcompetition: • Whatistheirorigin? Sport? Water? • Wewill focus on common expressionsused for a betterunderstanding of the articles. • Eg: «be neck and neck» = fair competition • « a onehorse race» = the only competitor (no otherrivals)

41. Innovation and Creativity Innovation and new designs for productsmakingbetterreturns/ generatingprofits Launchingnew products Whatis a breakthrough? (an important discovery or development) What is a prototype? (a first or preliminary version of a device from which other forms are developed)

42. Innovationcontinued • Entrepreneurship: • Entrepreneurs and theirwillingness to take risksand identifyopportunities – • Success? Or failure? • New ideas/ the ability to seeingthings from differentperspectives… • The abilty to spotting the need for new techniques or devices.

43. TRADE and Globalisation Doesglobalisationdamagelocal(goods, services or cultures) Doesglobalisationhave an impacton living standards? Doesitincreasecompetitionbetween companies? • Wewill be talkingabout the Fair TradeMarket: A new area givinghope to smallerproducersto surviveaftersuffering from globalisation. • A solution to the world to tackle povertyand savefarmers from bankruptcy. • Keywords: subsidies, deregulation, wealth, prosperity, survival, dumping, tariffs, quotas, customs, breaking into new markets, to booming or decliningtrade.

44. TradeCelebrities and Charities • Here wewill be talkingabout the involvement of celebritiesin internationalpolitics and economies. • Celebritieshope or aim to change/influence the relationshipbetweengovernments and charities. • Keyterms: debtreliefcampaign(to drawattention to problemslike for example the needto lift quotasandduties. • Lobbying, boycotting….

45. Economics and Happiness • Here we are talkingaboutthe relationshipbetweenhappiness and wealth/happiness and economics. • Evidence from economists and psychologistshasshownthatourwellbeingdepends on cooperation and the public goodnot on personal enrichment.

46. EnvironmentalIssues • Here we are talkingaboutGreen Issues. • The role of business in protecting/destroying the environment. • Doesinternational business community haveresponsibilityor a role to play to sustainthe naturalresourcesitcommerciallyexploits? • Keywords: sustainabledevelopmentexploitation,waste, resources, pollution, emissionsrenewableenergy, biodegradablematerials, consumption, recycling • «Are wedoing are bit for the environment?» whatsolutionsare there for the plantet? What are the goals? What’s on the agenda?

47. Intelligent Business, Christine Johnson (P. Longman) – intermediate Market Leader, D.Cotton, D.falvey, S.Kent (P. Longman) – intermediate New Business Matters - Coursebook, Powell, Martinez, Jillett (Thomson &Heinle) Intermediate/Upper-intermediate Business GOALS 3 – Workbook, Gareth knight (Cambridge Professional English) Longman Business English Dictionary Business Benchmark, Norman Whitby (CUP) Pre-intermediate to intermediate) Advanced Grammar in use, Hewings, M (CUP) Email English, Paul Emmerson (Macmillan) Reading: useful text books

48. More reading: • English for Economics, Business & Work, Autore: Giulia Corazzza – (Gruppo Editoriale: Simone) • Livello del corso d’Inglese B1 + verso B2

49. DISPENSA Available in the copisteriacopinfaxin via Rossi. Students are asked to have this for attending the lessons. Other material will be made available during the course itself. Course Material

50. Duration: 1 hr. 30 min Four Sections I. Reading - 30 min II. Vocabulary - 20 min III. Grammar - 20 min IV. Writing - 20 min EXAM