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THE SUPPLY AND FINANCING OF CANADIAN DOCUMENTARIES 1999-00 TO 2003-04

THE SUPPLY AND FINANCING OF CANADIAN DOCUMENTARIES 1999-00 TO 2003-04. April 25, 2005. Purpose of the Study. Part of environmental scan for Documentary Policy Advisory Group The study examines: The volume of documentary production The main financiers Aggregate financing structures

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THE SUPPLY AND FINANCING OF CANADIAN DOCUMENTARIES 1999-00 TO 2003-04

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  1. THE SUPPLY AND FINANCING OF CANADIAN DOCUMENTARIES1999-00 TO 2003-04 April 25, 2005

  2. Purpose of the Study • Part of environmental scan for Documentary Policy Advisory Group • The study examines: • The volume of documentary production • The main financiers • Aggregate financing structures • Historic trends (over the past five years) in the financing of documentaries

  3. Volume of Documentary Production • Over the past 5 years, over 6,000 hours have been made by independent producers Hours of Canadian Documentary Production, 1999-00 to 2003-04 Year Television Feature Film Total 1999-00 983.8 35.3 1,019.1 2000-01 1,405.7 32.1 1,437.8 2001-02 1,419.8 33.1 1,453.0 2002-03 1,378.5 28.4 1,407.0 2003-04 1,229.9 22.9 1,252.8 5-year total 6,417.8 151.9 6,569.6 Source: CAVCO (excludes NFB and public broadcaster in-house production)

  4. Volume of Documentary Production • Over $1 billion in independent documentary production activity Canadian Documentary Production Volume, 1999-00 to 2003-04 Year Television Feature Film Total ($ millions) 1999-00 $155.07 $15.82 $170.8 2000-01 $206.37 $9.48 $215.85 2001-02 $237.68 $9.22 $246.91 2002-03 $252.67 $7.58 $260.25 2003-04 $232.99 $6.54 $239.54 5-year total $1,084.78 $48.65 $1,133.43 Source: CAVCO (excludes NFB and public broadcaster in-house production)

  5. Volume of Documentary Production • The NFB in 2003-04 contributed some $20M to Canadian documentary production; $2.1M of which is co-productions with independent producers Source: NFB, CAVCO

  6. English-language documentaries: volume of production • About 3,800 hours produced in 5 years Hours of English-Language Documentary Production 1999-00 to 2003-04 Year Television Feature Film Total (hours) 1999-00 609.0 24.9 633.9 2000-01 726.1 24.3 750.4 2001-02 891.4 15.5 906.9 2002-03 798.3 17.4 815.7 2003-04 671.8 16.6 688.4 5-year total 3,696.6 98.7 3,795.3 Source: CAVCO (excludes NFB and public broadcaster in-house production)

  7. English-language documentaries: financing • In English, most of the financing comes from broadcasters Share of Financing Provided by Various Sources, 1999-00 to 2003-04 (Selected Years) Year Public Private Broadcasters Foreign 1999-00 30.4% 27.1% 28.6% 13.9% 2001-02 26.5% 26.2% 38.6% 8.7% 2003-04 28.8% 23.6% 37.4% 10.2% 3-year average 28.3% 25.5% 35.5% 10.6% Source: CAVCO (excludes NFB and public broadcaster in-house production)

  8. English-language documentaries: financing by format For feature-length production, most of the financing is from broadcasting sources (Volume of production = $5.2 M) Financing of Feature Docs, 2003-04 Source of Financing Share of Financing Federal tax credits 8.5% CTF24.8% NFB 4.6% Provincial tax credits 10.0% Provincial - other 3.0% Private funds 5.6% Public broadcasters 12.5% Private broadcasters 0.3% Pay/specialty broadcasters 12.3% Canadian Distributors 10.0% Canadian Producers 5.7% Other Canadian 1.7% Foreign 0.9%

  9. English-language documentaries: financing by format One-offs are financed mainly via CTF (Volume of production = $44.7M) Financing of Television One-Offs, 2003-04 Source of Financing Share of Financing Federal 10.3% CTF 20.0% NFB 1.9% Provincial tax credits 9.6% Provincial - other 2.8% Private funds 3.2% Public broadcasters 13.5% Private broadcasters 5.4% Pay/specialty broadcasters 9.0% Canadian Distributors 4.0% Canadian Producers 8.3% Other Canadian 2.1% Foreign 10.0%

  10. English-language documentaries: financing by format Series have strong domestic (especially broadcasters) and foreign financing (Volume of production = $121.4M) Financing of Television Series, 2003-04 Source of Financing Share of Financing Federal tax credits 5.6% CTF 10.7% NFB 0.2% Provincial tax credits 10.5% Provincial - other 0.9% Private funds 3.2% Public broadcasters 4.9% Private broadcasters 4.9% Specialty broadcasters 29.6% Canadian Distributors 6.3% Canadian Producers 2.8% Other Canadian 0.3% Foreign 20.2%

  11. English-language documentaries for television The bulk of television production is series, which account for five times more production hours than one-offs Hours of Television Production by Format Year One-offs Series 1999-00 100.6 510.8 2000-01 142.2 602.8 2001-02 152.0 752.5 2002-03 157.0 650.8 2003-04 124.7 579.3 5-year total 676.5 3,096.3 Source: CAVCO (excludes NFB and public broadcaster in-house production)

  12. English-language documentaries for television Per-hour production budgets have remained flat over the past five years If inflation is factored in, per-hour budgets have declined in constant dollars Volume of Television Production in millions of dollars One-offs Series 1999-00 $27.10 $81.01 2000-01 $45.29 $112.06 2001-02 $50.09 $120.91 2002-03 $49.48 $126.13 2003-04 $43.04 $121.43 5-year total $215.01 $561.5 Source: CAVCO (excludes NFB and public broadcaster in-house production)

  13. English-language broadcasters licensing documentaries Over the past few years, more broadcasters are licensing documentaries • In terms of one-off documentaries: • Mid-budget productions attract the most broadcaster interest • Low-budget productions, however, are attracting more broadcasters • In terms of series productions: • Lower-budget series have increased in popularity, particularly with specialty services • Big-budget series continue to be of interest to a small number of broadcasters Source: CTF

  14. English-language broadcasters licensing documentaries While at least two dozen broadcasters access CTF funding for English-language documentaries, that access is highly concentrated • In the past three years, five broadcasters have accessed 70% of CTF funding to English-language documentaries • The CBC claims almost ¼ of the CTF’s funding to English-language documentaries • Specialty services, in total, account for about 2/3 of CTF documentary funding Source: CTF

  15. French-language documentaries: volume of production • About 2,800 hours in 5 years, overwhelmingly in television French-Language Documentary Production, 1999-00 to 2003-04 Year Television Feature Film Total (hours) 1999-00 374.8 10.4 385.2 2000-01 679.6 7.8 687.4 2001-02 528.5 17.6 546.0 2002-03 580.3 11.0 591.3 2003-04 558.1 6.3 564.4 5-year total 2,721.2 53.2 2,774.4 Source: CAVCO (excludes NFB and public broadcaster in-house production)

  16. French-language documentaries: financing • In French, most of the financing comes from the public sector Share of Financing Provided by Various Sources, 1999-00 to 2003-04 (Selected Years) Year Public Private Broadcasters Foreign 1999-00 41.2% 29.5% 27.5% 1.8% 2001-02 40.9% 24.7% 31.1% 3.3% 2003-04 39.5% 24.9% 35.3% 0.3% 3-year average 40.5% 26.1% 31.7% 1.8% Source: CAVCO (excludes NFB and public broadcaster in-house production)

  17. French-language documentaries: financing by format • Feature-length docs account for only $1.2M in production, financed largely via tax credits and CTF Financing of Feature-Length Documentaries, 2003-04 Source of Financing Share of Financing Federal 9.6% CTF 18.6% NFB 8.4% Provincial tax credits 19.2% Provincial - other 8.7% Private funds 3.7% Public broadcasters 7.5% Private broadcasters 1.5% Pay/specialty broadcasters 6.3% Canadian Distributors 0.8% Canadian Producers 14.6% Other Canadian 1.1%

  18. French-language documentaries: financing by format • One-offs are financed mainly via CTF and Quebec incentives • (volume of production = $21.7M) Financing of One-Offs, 2003-04 Source of Financing Share of Financing Federal tax credits 8.3% CTF 24.5% NFB 2.5% Provincial tax credits 19.4% Provincial - other 5.3% Private funds 2.3% Public broadcasters 19.3% Private broadcasters 2.3% Pay/specialty broadcasters 3.7% Canadian Distributors 5.6% Canadian Producers 5.5% Other Canadian 0.8% Foreign 0.3%

  19. French-language documentaries: financing by format • Series are financed heavily via CTF and specialty services (volume of production = $46.7M) Financing of Series, 2003-04 Source of Financing Share of Financing Federal tax credits 9.9% CTF 21.5% NFB 0.4% Provincial tax credits 16.3% Provincial - other 1.2% Private funds 3.1% Public broadcasters 13.1% Private broadcasters 8.5% Specialty broadcasters 19.0% Canadian Distributors 1.6% Canadian Producers 3.7% Other Canadian 1.8% Foreign 0.1%

  20. French-language documentaries for television • Series account for over 7 times as many hours as one-offs • One-offs have nonetheless grown steadily; series are more volatile Hours of Television Production by Format, 1999-00 to 2003-04 Year One-offs Series 1999-00 40.0 334.8 2000-01 51.0 628.5 2001-02 64.6 463.9 2002-03 70.2 521.6 2003-04 78.6 479.5 5-year total 304.4 2,428.4 Source: CAVCO (excludes NFB and public broadcaster in-house production)

  21. French-language documentaries for television • In dollar terms, however, series volume is only twice as high as one-off volume, which confirms that one-offs cost more to produce per hour Volume of Production in millions of dollars 1999-00 to 2003-04 Year One-offs Series 1999-00 $11.94 $35.02 2000-01 $14.29 $34.73 2001-02 $18.03 $48.66 2002-03 $19.99 $57.07 2003-04 $21.77 $46.75 5-year total $86.02 $222.2 Source: CAVCO (excludes NFB and public broadcaster in-house production)

  22. French-language broadcasters licensing documentaries • Far fewer broadcasters license documentaries in French compared to English • In terms of one-offs, specialty and public broadcasters are most active • There has been a decline in broadcaster hours of low- and mid-budget one-offs, but increased licensing activity in big-budget one-offs • Specialty services are most active in lower-budget series licensing • Big-budget series are more popular with the SRC than other broadcasters Source: CTF

  23. French-language broadcasters licensing documentaries • In the past three years, 5 broadcasters have accessed 3/4 of CTF funding to French-language documentaries • The SRC claims over ¼ of the funding in documentaries • Educational broadcasters account for another 30% Source: CTF

  24. Canadian Documentary Producers • The annual Playback survey shows that, in 2003, there were at least 75 documentary producers in Canada • 20 producers account for over 70% of the documentary production volume • Another 55 producers account for less than 30% of total documentary production volume • Fewer than half of the largest documentary producers also produce “magazine/lifestyle/reality” productions

  25. Concluding Observations • Documentaries are not homogeneous • Policy-makers should be aware of the large volume of documentary production, and its significant contribution to economic activity.

  26. Concluding Observations • The public sector provides a majority of the financing, and CRTC-regulated broadcasters contribute a significant share. Policy and regulation need to be aligned. • If feature-length documentaries are important to policy-makers, then need to develop a theatrical market and financing tailored to their specific needs

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