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Global Information Locator Service (GILS)

Global Information Locator Service (GILS). presented by Eliot Christian, U.S. Geological Survey. GILS Presentation Outline. Concepts Standards Convergence Search Interoperability Z39.50 Implementors GILS Initiatives. GILS Presentation Outline. Concepts Information Discovery Metadata

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Global Information Locator Service (GILS)

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  1. Global Information Locator Service (GILS) presentedby Eliot Christian, U.S. Geological Survey

  2. GILS Presentation Outline Concepts Standards Convergence Search Interoperability Z39.50 Implementors GILS Initiatives

  3. GILS Presentation Outline Concepts Information Discovery Metadata Semantic Mapping Standards and Perspectives Convergence Search Interoperability Z39.50 Implementors GILS and Geospatial Initiatives

  4. Data / Information / Knowledge Management Processes

  5. GILS focuses onInformation Discovery GILS Goal:Make it easier for people to discover information

  6. Why Is Information So Hard To Find? The "Information Discovery" Problem We need information but we cannot retrieve it, because we do not know who might have it or how we ask for it.

  7. Why Is Information So Hard To Find? The Internet is not a Library, Yet • Search services do not yet work with each other, nor with traditional libraries • Internet lacks standards comparable to what libraries achieved many years ago

  8. The GILS Vision Imagine • The whole Internet organized in common ways to help us discover information • Where anyone can make and publish their own catalogs instantly • And, search includes not just Web pages but the world's library catalogs, atlases, directories, and databases

  9. GILS Presentation Outline Concepts Information Discovery Metadata Semantic Mapping Standards and Perspectives Convergence Search Interoperability Z39.50 Implementors GILS and Geospatial Initiatives

  10. Information Discovery Operates on Metadata (Characteristics) Who made it? What type is it? What is its name? Where is it stored? Is it free?

  11. document author title e-mail from subject news article by-line headline file owner file name scientific data set principal investigator data set name biological specimen collector organism name patent assignee title spatial coverage originator title Unfortunately,Metadata is not Standardized Different terms for similar characteristics:

  12. GILS Presentation Outline Concepts Information Discovery Metadata Semantic Mapping Standards and Perspectives Convergence Search Interoperability Z39.50 Implementors GILS and Geospatial Initiatives

  13. document author title e-mail from subject news article by-line headline file owner file name scientific data set principal investigator data set name biological specimen collector organism name patent assignee title spatial coverage originator title Semantic Mapping Approach Just for searching, associate metadata to standard bibliographic concepts: What is its name? What type is it? Who made it?

  14. TitleAuthor Subject DatePlace Metadata Metadata covers many characteristics But, just a few are almost always searchable In concept, these common metadata are equivalent to bibliographic citations

  15. GILS Presentation Outline Concepts Standards and Perspectives Bibliographic Metadata Technical Standards Perspectives Convergence Search Interoperability Z39.50 Implementors GILS and Geospatial Initiatives

  16. Searching Metadata Task: find information where “Title” contains the word “USGS” GILS server searches any bibliographic catalogs and locator records where metadata is mapped to “Title” concept

  17. GILS Interface Data-bases Bibliographic Records Locator Records Web pages Bibliographic Metadata GILS search service finds records in various formats, distributed across the Internet in various catalogs and databases

  18. GILS Presentation Outline Concepts Standards and Perspectives Bibliographic Metadata Technical Standards Perspectives Convergence Search Interoperability Z39.50 Implementors GILS and Geospatial Initiatives

  19. The GILS Standard Internet client/server (TCP/IP, etc.) Uniform Resource Identifiers (e.g., URL's) MIME Types Date Format (ISO 8601) ISO 23950 (Z39.50) Init, Search and Present services Type-1 queries (generic Boolean) Part of Bib-1 Attribute Set NOTE: Z39.50 has many optional specs—GILS has only a few, required specifications

  20. Bib-1 (Bibliographic Search) Search Concepts 4 title 1005 originator 2001 distributor 1019 record source 2002 subject terms -- controlled 29 subject terms -- uncontrolled 1012 date last modified 1035 anywhere (full-text) 12 local number

  21. GILS and Z39.50 (ISO 23950) • Provides a registered set of well-known semantics needed for semantic interoperability • Provides an "abstraction layer" (hide the details) for information system interoperability • Only standard for direct search of library and information services for the foreseeable future • Demonstrated gateways to other standard search protocols (SQL, LDAP, DASL, UDDI) • XML protocol mechanism (XER) in prototype now

  22. GILS Presentation Outline Concepts Standards and Perspectives Bibliographic Metadata Technical Standards Perspectives Convergence Search Interoperability Z39.50 Implementors GILS and Geospatial Initiatives

  23. Searcher Perspective GILS gives searchers a standard way to find information resources Because GILS uses standard bibliographic concepts, anyone who uses a library already understands GILS searches GILS locator records can be chained to support referrals into or among collections

  24. Information Provider Perspective GILS defines an open, low-cost, and scalable standard across all phases of information and knowledge management Information providers and intermediaries provide content management tools based on metadata, as well as search services In a system architecture, a GILS interface cleanly separates the search function from networking and other components

  25. A Note about User Interfaces A GILS search service is defined only at the network level The design of user interfaces for searching is outside the scope of GILS GILS places no constraints on how a search service may be presented to searchers

  26. GILS Presentation Outline Concepts Standards and Perspectives Convergence Search Interoperability Z39.50 Implementors GILS and Geospatial Initiatives

  27. Documents, Data, Files, Records, etc. Humancataloger Information Services, library OPAC's Locator Records Searcher Examples:Library of Congress, Agricola, Dialog/Lexis-Nexis, Chemical Abstracts Service Library and Information Services Catalogs

  28. Documents, Data, Files, Records, etc. Humancataloger Metadata databases Database search (e.g., SQL) Searcher Examples:Right to Know Network, Global Change Master Directory, Catalog of Data Sources Metadata in Databases

  29. Documents, Data, Files, Records, etc. digitize Search engine Gatherer Searcher "Full-text" Indexer Full-text index Examples:WAIS, Lycos, Harvest, Glimpse First-generation Web crawlers

  30. Second-generation Web Crawlers Documents, Data, Files, Records, etc. digitize Metadata capable search engine "Intelligent" Gatherer Locator Records Searcher "Full-text" Indexer Full-text index Examples:Ultraseek, Advanced Search Facility

  31. Service Description & Discovery Documents, Data, Files, Records, etc. ServiceLocators Intermediaryservice Metadata databases GILS-compliant search GILS-compliant search Locator Records Full-text index Searcher Examples:NSDI/GSDI Clearinghouse, GELOS, CIESIN

  32. Search Portals using GILS ServiceLocators Humancataloger digitize Metadata databases GILS-compliant search "Intelligent" Gatherer Locator Records Searcher "Full-text" Indexer Full-text index Examples:Web-Clarity, Blue Angel Gateway, FGDC “Wizard”

  33. GILS Presentation Outline Concepts Standards and Perspectives Convergence Search Interoperability Z39.50 Implementors GILS and Geospatial Initiatives

  34. Search Interoperability Z39.50 LDAP (X.500) SQL (ODBC/JDBC) DASL UDDI XQuery (future) GILS “plug-in”gateways Searcher

  35. GILS and LDAP(Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) LDAP directory(organizations, persons, resources) Searcherusing GILS GILS LDAP gateway GILS records(organizations, persons, resources) Searcherusing LDAP

  36. GILS and SQL(Structured Query Language) Relational databasetables with various data, information Searcherusing GILS GILS SQLgateway GILS records with various data, information Searcherusing SQL

  37. GILS and DASL(Distributed Authoring Search and Locate) DASL file attributes(name, owner, date last modified ...) Searcherusing GILS GILS DASL gateway GILS records (title, author, date last modified ...) Searcherusing DASL

  38. GILS and UDDI(Universal Description Discovery and Integration) UDDI register(businesses, services, interfaces) Searcherusing GILS GILS UDDI gateway GILS sources(catalogs, directories, inventories) Searcherusing UDDI

  39. GILS Presentation Outline Concepts Standards and Perspectives Convergence Search Interoperability Z39.50 Implementors GILS and Geospatial Initiatives

  40. Z39.50 Register of Implementors Adlib Information Systems B.V.Ameritech Library ServicesARCA Consortium|a|S|tec| angewandte Systemtechnik GmbHAurora Information TechnologyAuto-Graphics Inc.Axiell Biblioteks System ABBasis Systeme netzwerk (BSn)Best Seller, Inc.Bibliotekstjdnst AB BIBSYS BLCMP Library Services Ltd.Blue Angel Technologies Book Systems, Inc.BSZ Baden-WurttembergBrigham & Women's Hospital British LibraryCARL CorporationCarnegie-Mellon University LibrariesCenter for Networked Information Discovery and RetrievalCEO Programme, ENRM Development team CEOS (Commitee on Earth Observation Satellites)CGI Group Inc.

  41. Z39.50 Register of Implementors Chemical Abstracts ServiceCosmotron Systems Ltd.Crossnet Systems LimitedCOPAC Danish Library Centre, DanBibDartmouth CollegeData Research Associates, Inc.Data Trek, Inc.DBV-OSI II Consortium Dedicated ResponseDialog CorporationDIMDI (Deutsches Institut fuer Medizinische Dokumentation und Information)Distributed Systems Technology CentreDV Consulting EBSCO PublishingELiAS Endeavor Information Systems, Inc.EnWare,S.AEuropean Space AgencyExcalibur Technologies CorporationFachinformationszentrum (FIZ) KarlsruheFinsiel S.p.A.Florida Center for Library AutomationFretwell-Downing Data SystemsFulcrum Technologies, IncGaylord CyberOdyssey GroupGeac GTIS (Government Telecommunication, Canada)

  42. Z39.50 Register of Implementors Harbinger GmbH Hardcover SoftwareIndex DataInformation Access CompanyInnovative Interfaces Inc.INVESTools, Inc. Island Edge Research, Inc. ISM Library Information Services Japan Science and Technology Corporation Joanneum ResearchLEXIS-NEXISLive Content Engineering & Design Pty LtdThe Library CorporationLibrary of CongressLIBRIS (Royal Library, Sweden) Lucent Technologies - Bell Laboratories Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyMiepMnSCU/PALSNational Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) Nat. Institute of Standards and Technology National Library of AustraliaNational Library of CanadaNational Library of MedicineNational Library of NorwayOCLCOptimus Prime Pty LtdOvid TechnologiesPace University School of Law

  43. Z39.50 Register of Implementors Penn State University, Library Computing ServicesPicaPreston-Whitelaw, Ltd. (an Internet Systems, Inc. Co.)Raytheon Systems CompanyStowe Computing AustraliaSunstone SystemsSystem Simulation Ltd.Tabula Interactive, Inc.Taliesin Software Research, Inc.Tieto CorporationUNI-C (Danish Computing Centre for Research and Education)UIGGM SB RAS University of BradfordUniversity of California, Office of the PresidentUniversity of California at San FranciscoUniveristy of Newcastle University of Texas at Austin, General Libraries University of WashingtonUniversity of Wisconsin MadisonU.S. Geological SurveyU.S. Patent and Trademark OfficeVirginia Tech.VITROCISET S.p.A. VTLS, Inc.Washington University School of Medicine

  44. GILS Presentation Outline Concepts Standards and Perspectives Convergence Z39.50 Implementors GILS and Geospatial Initiatives International and other National U.S. National U.S. States Communities

  45. GILS and Geospatial Initiatives - Other Nations / International African Spatial Data Infrastructure Initiative, Antarctica, Argentina, Australia, Australia New Zealand Land Information Council, Barbados, Brazil, Canada, Caribbean, CERCO, Columbia, Committee on Earth Observing Satellites, Consortium for International Earth Science Information Network, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Denmark, DESIRE, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, EUROGI, European Environment Agency, European Legislative Virtual Library, European Space Agency, European Territorial Management Information Infrastructure, Finland, ...

  46. GILS and Geospatial Initiatives - Other Nations / International France, Germany, GI2000, Global Change Master Directory, Global Environmental Information Locator Service, Global Forest Information Service, Global Inventory Project, Greece, Guatemala, Health Information Locator Service for Latin America and the Caribbean, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Indonesia, INFEO, InterAmerican Biodiversity Information Network, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kiribati, Korea, Macau, Malaysia, Mexico, Mongolia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, ...

  47. GILS and Geospatial Initiatives - Other Nations / International Pakistan, Permanent Committee on GIS Infrastructure for Asia & the Pacific, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Russian Federation, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Trans-European Research and Education Network, Trinidad and Tobago, United Kingdom, United Nations Environment Program, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, United Nations Program on Human Sustainable Development, Uruguay, Venezuela

  48. GILS and Geospatial Initiatives - United States (National) Advanced Search Facility, Census Bureau, Center for Integration of Natural Disaster Information, Clearinghouse for Government Information, DefenseLink, Digital Earth, Federal Resources for Education Excellence, Federal Depository Library Program, FedSearch, FirstGov, Gateway to Educational Materials, Gateway to the Earth, Global Change Data and Information System, Government Printing Office, Library of Congress Thomas, Master Environmental Library, ...

  49. GILS and Geospatial Initiatives - United States (National) National Atlas of the United States, National Biological Information Infrastructure, National Spatial Data Infrastructure, National Environmental Data Index, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Technical Information Service, National Wetlands Inventory, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Non-Profit Gateway, Patent and Trademark Office, Scientific and Technical Information Network, U.S. Federal GILS

  50. GILS and Geospatial Initiatives - U.S. States Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming

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