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World War II. Who was president during World War II?. Franklin D. Roosevelt. What event started World War II ?. Hitler invaded Poland. What did the Soviet Union do when Hitler invaded Poland?. Invaded Poland and the Baltic countries from the east.
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Who was president during World War II? • Franklin D. Roosevelt
What event started World War II ? • Hitler invaded Poland.
What did the Soviet Union do when Hitler invaded Poland? • Invaded Poland and the Baltic countries from the east
What were the Axis nations during World War II? • Germany • Italy • Japan
What happened to France in the first two years of World War II? • France was overrun by Germany.
What was the Battle of Britain? • Hitler’s air attack on Great Britain
What country did Hitler invade in mid-1941? • The Soviet Union
What was the position of the United States during the first two years of World War II? • Neutral
What foreign policy had strong support in the United States during the first two years of World War II? • Isolationism
Despite its official position of neutrality, how did the United States increasingly help Great Britain? • Gave Great Britain war supplies and old naval warships in exchange for military bases in Bermuda and the Caribbean Sea
What caused America’s gradual abandonment of its policy of neutrality? • Between 1939 and mid-1941, Germany overran France and most of Europe, pounded Great Britain by air in the Battle of Britain, and invaded the Soviet Union.
Identify the Lend-Lease Act. • A law that gave the President authority to sell, lease, or lend military equipment to countries to defend themselves against the Axis powers
Who compared the Lend-Lease Act to “lending a garden hose to a next-door neighbor whose house is on fire”? • President Franklin Roosevelt
How did America’s policy towards Japan change after the Japanese invaded Manchuria and China during the thirties?
U.S. refused to recognize Japanese conquests in Asia. • U.S. imposed an embargo on exports of oil and steel to Japan.
What event brought the U.S. into World War II? • Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
Who called the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 “a date that will live in infamy”? • President Franklin D. Roosevelt
Who was the leader of Germany during World War II? • Adolf Hitler
Who were the Allies in World War II? • Great Britain • the Soviet Union • the United States
Who was the leader of Great Britain during World War II? • Winston Churchill
Who was the leader of the Soviet Union during World War II? • Joseph Stalin
What strategy did the Allies follow? • Defeat Hitler First
In what battle in North Africa did the British defeat German forces, thereby denying Hitler control over the Middle Eastern oil fields and preventing Hitler from attacking the Soviet Union from the south?
What happened at the Battle of Stalingrad? • Soviet army defeated the Germans • Prevented the Germans from seizing the Soviet oil fields • Turned the tide against the Germans on the eastern front
What happened at the Normandy landings (D-Day)? • American and Allied troops landed in France. • Liberation of Western Europe had begun. • It was the turning point of the war on the western front.
Who was the commander of the Allied forces at the D-Day invasion? • Dwight D. Eisenhower
What was the turning point of the war in the Pacific? • The Battle of Midway
What was the Allied strategy in the Pacific? • Island hopping
The invasions of what two Pacific islands brought American forces closer to Japan? • Iwo Jima • Okinawa
How did the United States end the war in the Pacific? • Dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
During World War II, when men left the factories to serve in the armed forces, who often took their jobs?
What image represented American women who worked in factories during World War II? • Rosie the Riveter
What became the slogan of African-Americans on the home front during World War II? • Victory in war and equality at home
Were the United States armed forces racially segregated during World War II? • Yes
During World War II, what group of African-American flyers served with distinction in Europe? • The Tuskegee Airmen
During World War II, what Japanese-American regiments earned a high number of decorations for bravery? • Nisei regiments
What Native American language was used by the U.S. military during World War II for communication codes in the Pacific? • Navajo
What international agreement established rules for the humane treatment of prisoners of war? • The Geneva Convention
What happened on the Bataan Death March? • American POWs in the Philippines suffered brutal treatment by the Japanese
How did the treatment of prisoners of war in Europe differ from that in the Pacific? • The treatment of prisoners of war in Europe more closely followed the ideas of the Geneva Convention.
What is genocide? • The systematic and purposeful destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group
What was the Holocaust? • Nazi Germany’s systematic murder of European Jews.
What was Hitler’s “final solution?” • Exterminate (kill) all the Jews in Europe
Besides Jews, what other groups were victims of the Holocaust?
Poles • Slavs • Gypsies • “Undesirables” defined by the Nazis as homosexuals, the mentally ill, and political dissidents (protesters)
What were the Nuremberg Trials? • Trials of Nazi leaders for war crimes
What was the short-term significance of the Holocaust? • In the Nuremberg trials, Nazi leaders and others were convicted of war crimes.