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LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS PART III B: CHINA’ TYPHOONS

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS PART III B: CHINA’ TYPHOONS. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA . NATURAL HAZARDS THAT PLACE CHINA’S COMMUNITIES AT RISK. FLOODS. GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCE. TYPHOONS. EARTHQUAKES.

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LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS PART III B: CHINA’ TYPHOONS

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  1. LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS PART III B: CHINA’ TYPHOONS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA 

  2. NATURAL HAZARDS THAT PLACE CHINA’S COMMUNITIES AT RISK FLOODS GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCE TYPHOONS EARTHQUAKES ENACT AND IMPLEMENT POLICIES HAVING HIGH BENEFIT/COST FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE LANDSLIDESS ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

  3. TYPHOON HAZARDS • BLDG. INVENTORY • VULNERABILITY • LOCATION • PREPAREDNESS • PROTECTION • EARLY WARNING • EMERGENCY RESPONSE • RECOVERY and • RECONSTRUCTION TYPHOON RISK POLICY OPTIONS ACCEPTABLE RISK RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK GOAL: TYPHOON DISASTER RESILIENCE CHINA’S COMMUNITIES DATA BASES AND INFORMATION HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

  4. RISK ASSESSMENT • VULNERABILITY • EXPOSURE • EVENT • COST • BENEFIT TYPHOONS EXPECTED LOSS POLICY ADOPTION • CONSEQUENCES POLICY ASSESSMENT TOWARDS TYPHOON DISASTER RESILIENCE

  5. MAP OF CHINA’S PROVINCES

  6. TYPHOONS CHINA IS AT RISK FROM TROPICAL STORMS AND TYPHOONS FORMING EVERY YEAR IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN AND THE SOUTH CHINA SEA

  7. CAUSES OF DAMAGE WIND PENETRATING BUILDING ENVELOPE UPLIFT OF ROOF SYSTEM FLYING DEBRIS STORM SURGE TYPHOONS IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN “DISASTER LABORATORIES” SITING PROBLEMS FLOODING AND LANDSLIDES

  8. 20O5’S TYPHOON MATSA(second of eight to make landfall in China in 2005) Matsa made landfall late on August 5 near Yuhuanin the southern region of Zhejiang Province.

  9. STORM TRACK OF MATSA AUGUST 2005

  10. IMPACTS OF MATSA • In the People's Republic of China, heavy rain fall in combination with strong wind destroyed about 59,000 houses and damaged more than 20,000 km2 (7,700 sq mi) of croplands; causing 25 fatalities and $18 billion in damage[

  11. 2011’S SUPER TYPHOON MUIFA “A RAIN BOMB” --- AND THE WORST TYPHOON SINCE TYPHOON MATSA IN 2005

  12. STORM TRACK OF MUIFAJULY 27 - AUGUST 10, 2011

  13. STORM TRACK OF MUIFAJULY 27 - AUGUST 10, 2011

  14. IMPACTS OF MUIFA • On August 6, as super typhoon Muifa approached Mainland China, over 200,000 people were evacuated from low-lying areas. • 1.35 million people were evacuated from Shanghai and other locations as the storm approached landfall in northern China.

  15. IMPACTS MUIFA • Heavy rain (“the rain bomb”) and strong winds affected more than 10 provinces of China for three days, beginning on August 7

  16. IMPACTS OF MUIFA • Muifa battered the provinces of Liaoning, Zhejiang and Jiangsu, affecting 1.74 million residents, and damaging 101,000 hectares of farmland, with estimated economic losses of US $480 million.

  17. 2012’S TYPOONS WITH A FOCUS OF THOSE AFFECTING CHINA

  18. STORM TRACKS AS OF SEPTEMBER 20, 2012

  19. THE FORECAST UNDER-ESTIMATED THE 2012 SEASON • The actual season EXCEEDED the forecast, which was based on the expectation of El Nino’s impacts in the Pacific. • But, as forecast, China was significantly impacted.

  20. NAMES OF 2012’S STORMS • PAKHAR – March 27 • MARWAR – May 31-June 6 • TALIM – June 8 • DOKSURI – June 25-30 • VICENTE – July 24-25 • SAOLA – July 28 • DAMREY – August 1

  21. NAMES OF 2012’S STORMS • HAIKUI – August 6 • KIROGI – August 9 • TAI-TAK – August 16 • TEMBIN – August 18 • BOLAVEN – September 4 • SAMBA – THE WORST, September 12 • JELAWAT – September 20

  22. NAMES OF THE STORMS OF 2012 • EWINIAR – September 24 • MALEKSI – September 29 • GAEMI – September 29 • PRAPIROON – October 7 • MARIA – October 14 • SON-TINH – October 19 • BOPHA – Nov. 29-Dec. 5

  23. As of August 22, 15 typhoons had formed in the northwest Pacific Ocean and south China Sea, with six of them making landfall in China, more than twice as many as in 2011.

  24. CONSECUTIVE INPACTS IN CHINA: JULY-SEPTEMBER: 2012 • Consecutive tropical storms/typhoons (Vicente, Talim, Saola, Damrey, Haikui, Kai-Tak, Talem, and Bolaven) left at least 51 died, displaced over 4.1 million people, and caused direct economic losses exceeding 1 billion USD.

  25. TROPICAL STORM DOKSURI: JUNE 25-30

  26. DOKSURI IMPACTED THE PHILIPPINES, TAIWAN, AND CHINA • Over $54 million in wind and water damage.

  27. LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE • ALL TYPHOONS • PREPAREDNESS MEANS THAT YOU UNDERSTAND THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH VELOC-ITY WIND FIELDS AND RAIN AND PLAN IN ADVANCE.

  28. LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE • ALL TYPHOONS • WITHOUT ADEQUATE PROTECTION, HIGH VELOCITY WIND WILL LIFT THE ROOF OFF OF MANY BUILDINGS.

  29. TYPHOON VINCENTE CAUSES RECORD FLOODING IN BEIJING, CHINA AREAJULY 24-25, 2012

  30. LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE • ALL TYPHOONS. • DISASTER-INTELLIGENT COMMUNITIES USE TIMELYEARLY WARNING BASED ON CRITICAL INFORM-ATION TO EVACUATE PEOPLE AND PREPARE.

  31. VICENTE

  32. VICENTE’S PATH ENROUTE TO GUONGDONG, CHINA

  33. SOLDIERS WITH SANDBAGS: FANGSHAN DISTRICT

  34. VICENTE: A CAT 4 STORM • After landfall in Guangdong, China on July 24th, Vincente became a rainmaker across China

  35. VICENTE: A CAT 4 STORM WITH A REGIONAL IMPACT • After landfall on July 24th in Guangdong, China, Vicente became a big rainmaker, causing regional flooding in diverse places like Beijing (the capitol) and Hong Kong.

  36. LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE • ALL TYPHOONS • CAPACITY FOR INTELLIGENT EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

  37. VINCENTE CAUSES FLOODING IN BEIJING

  38. BEIJING-HONG KONG-MACAO EXPRSSWAY; JULY 24, 2012

  39. LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE • ALL TYPHOONS • CAPACITY FOR RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTIONIS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

  40. BEIJING-HONG KONG-MACAO EXPRSSWAY; CLEANING UP

  41. BEIJING-HONG KONG-MACAO EXPRSSWAY: CLEANING UP

  42. Vicente’s flooding was devastating in spite of flood control measures added since the 1940’s: dams,280 000 km of embankments, 86 000 reservoirs, and 97 flood retention areas

  43. SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS • Worst deluge in 61 years • One day of rainfall in the Beijing area (18 inches) was equal to 6 months of normal rainfall • 100 dead; 38 in Beijing area

  44. SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS • $1.6 billion in urban damage • 57,000 forced from homes • Over 12,000 hectares of agricultural food crops impacted,

  45. TYPHOON SAOLA: JULY 28

  46. TYPHOON DAMREY: AUGUST 1

  47. TYPHOON HAIKUI: AUGUST 6

  48. TYPHOON TAI-TAK (HELEN): AUGUST 15

  49. Typhoon Kai-Tak left three people dead, one person missing and forced over 111,500 people to evacuate their homes in southwest China's Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region

  50. TYPHOON BOLAVEN: SEPTEMBER 4

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