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North Africa Chapter #21

North Africa Chapter #21. I. Natural Environments. A) Landforms? Sahara Desert? Natural barrier Erg? Reg ? Depressions? Qattara Depression? Wadis? Nile River?. The Nile & its annual flooding. B. Climates. Climates? 3 reasons why? Harmattan winds?. C. Natural Resources.

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North Africa Chapter #21

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  1. North AfricaChapter #21

  2. I. Natural Environments • A) Landforms? • Sahara Desert? • Natural barrier • Erg? • Reg? • Depressions? • Qattara Depression? • Wadis? • Nile River?

  3. The Nile & its annual flooding

  4. B. Climates • Climates? • 3 reasons why? • Harmattan winds?

  5. C. Natural Resources • Most valuable resources? (2) • Country w/the most? • Agriculture? • Where & how?

  6. The Aswan High Dam • Pros: • Hydroelectricity • Controls flooding • Water for ag. • Lake Nasser • Cons: • Cuts flow of silt • Impacts? (2)

  7. II. History & Culture • A) History • Where did people settle? • Silt? • Ancient Egypt: • Pharaohs? • Hieroglyphs? • Dependence on Nile?

  8. Sequent Occupance • Phoenicians? • Alexander the Great? • Romans? • Vandals? • Byzantine? • Islamic influence?

  9. B. Western Imperialism of Africa • France (1830s)? • Great Britain (1882)? • Berlin Conference (1884-85) • Italy (1912)? • Independence? The Maghreb

  10. C. Culture • Religion? • Berbers? • Clothing? • Language?

  11. Region w/highest population density? Why? • What about in Egypt? • Capital?

  12. D. The Medina A medina in Fez, Morocco • The medina?

  13. III. The Region Today • A) Economic Activities: • Free port? • Importance of oil? • Fellahin? • Egyptian cotton • Ag. in Libya? • Great Manmade River Project? • Other economic activity?

  14. B. Urban Environments • Largest Cities? • Conditions? • Cairo?

  15. C. Issues & Challenges • U.S. & Muammar al Qaddafi? • Italian control WWII • U.S. installed monarchy • U.S. & U.K. military bases • Oil = discovered 1959 • 1969: revolution led by Qaddafi (Islamic Fundamentalist) • Hate towards the West?

  16. 1988: Libyan bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 • Lockerbie, Scotland • 270 dead • PLO & IRA affiliations • 1992: economic sanctions imposed by West • 1999: Qaddafi tried to improve relations w/West • 2003: Libyan govt. paid $2.7 bill. to families

  17. Recent Revolutions in North Africa • Causes: Young, educated people want economic & political equality & rights • Tunisia (Dec. 2010 – Jan. 2011) • President resigned after 23 years of reign • Egypt (Jan. 2011 – present) • President resigned after 30 years of reign • Democratic elections this summer! • Libya’s Civil War (Feb. 2011 – present) • World’s longest serving leader = 42 years!

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