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Pressure and Temperature

Pressure and Temperature. William Thomson “Lord Kelvin”. CA Standards. Measuring Pressure. The first device for measuring atmospheric pressure was developed by Evangelista Torricelli during the 17 th century. The device was called a “barometer”. Baro = weight Meter = measure.

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Pressure and Temperature

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  1. Pressure and Temperature William Thomson “Lord Kelvin”

  2. CA Standards

  3. Measuring Pressure The first device for measuring atmospheric pressure was developed by Evangelista Torricelli during the 17th century. The device was called a “barometer” • Baro = weight • Meter = measure

  4. An Early Barometer The normal pressure due to the atmosphere at sea level can support a column of mercury that is 760 mm high.

  5. Is caused by the collisions of molecules with the walls of a container is equal to force/unit area Pressure

  6. 1 standard atmosphere (atm) 101.3 kPa (kilopascals) 14.7 lbs/in2 760 mm Hg (millimeters of mercury) 760 torr Standard Pressure

  7. Pressure Pressure is the force created by the collisions of molecules with the walls of a container

  8. The Meaning of Temperature Kelvin temperature is an index of the random motions of gas particles (higher T means greater motion.) Kinetic Energy of Gas Particles At the same conditions of temperature, all gases have the same average kinetic energy.

  9. The Kelvin Scale

  10. Standard Temperature • Standard Temperature equals: • 273 Kelvin (273 K) • 0 C

  11. Converting Celsius to Kelvin Gas law problems involving temperature require that the temperature be in KELVINS! Kelvins = C + 273 °C = Kelvins - 273

  12. Either of these: • 273 Kelvin (273 K) • 0 C Standard Temperature and Pressure“STP” • And any one of these: • 1 atm • 101.3 kPa • 14.7 lbs/in2 (psi) • 760 mm Hg • 760 torr

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