The Role of Science, Technology & Innovation and ICT in the Development of Mozambique :

1. The Role of Science, Technology & Innovation and ICT in the Development ofMozambique: by Prof. Doctor Eng.Venâncio Massingue Minister of Science & Technology of Mozambique Republic of Mozambique Ministry of Science and Technology Frontiers of Knowledge for Africa: Universitity Leaders’ Forum Cape Town, November 19, 2006

2. Country BackgroundBasic Indicators • Area:799,390 sq.Km • Population (2005): • Total: 19,420,036 • Urban: 31.0% • Rural: 69.0% • Government • 25 Ministries • 11 Provinces, 128 Districts, 352 Administrative Posts • 33 Municipalities • Illiteracy Rate (2003): • Overall: 53.6% • Urban: 30.3% • Rural: 65.7% • Per Capita GDP (2005): USD350 • Annual growth rate 1998-2002: 8.2% • FDI: 406 Million USD (2002), 3rd in Southern Africa • Internet Usage Density (2004):2.7 • Teledensity (2005): • Fixed Line: 0.45 • Mobile: 8.5 Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

3. Country BackgroundEconomic Drivers • Mozambique with now about 20 million of population, is a rich country in natural resources: Hydroelectricity, Gas, Coal, Minerals, Timber,Fertile Agriculture Land and long Marine Coast • Main exports: Sea products, Sugar, Cashew nuts, Tea, Coconuts, Aluminum, Timber. • Main ports: Maputo, Beira and Nacala Nacala Beira Maputo Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

4. Country BackgroundTelecommunication Network 12/2005 12/2005 Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

5. Country BackgroundNational Backbone • The national telecommunication backbone is being expanded to all 10 + 1 provincial capitals and by 2008 we will have voice, data and image signals in the 128 districts. • Partnership between Telecom Company and Power Company for the implementation of some segments of the broadband network are in place. Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

6. Regional InitiativeEASSy – Submarine Cable System • East and Southern African Submarine Cable System - EASSy to build a submarine cable connecting 9 000 km, 23 countries from all the way from Djibouti to Durban, South Africa; • The cable is to be linked to other global sub-marine systems; • Additionally the project intends to extend the fiber backbone to landlocked countries (e.g Zambia, Zimbabwe, Uganda, etc.); • Mozambique is one of the original signatories of the agreement; • The objective is to dramatically reduce international connectivity costs. Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

7. Country BackgroundResearch and Acdemic Basic Indicators - 2006 • Majors fields of training: • Life sciences, Physical Sciences, Mathematics, Computing; • Engineering (electro-technical, mechanics, chemical & construction); • Agriculture; • Health and welfare; • Social Sciences, Humanities, Arts & Education. Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

8. Country BackgroundThe Ministry of Science and Technology Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

9. S&T for Development • Mozambique recognize Science and Technology as a primary productive force. Our government Five Years Plan (2005-2009) defined three pillars for Science and Technology: • Scientific Research • Technology Transfer and Innovation • Information and Communication Technology (ICT) • In June 2006 we also approved Science, Technology & Innovation Strategy and ICT Strategy to provide strategic directions for their contribution to poverty reduction, to economic growth and to the wealth creation in the country. Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

10. The Actual State of S&T in Mozambique • Strategic Plan for the Human Resources Development for S,T&I approved by the Cabinet:  Capacity building - From 470 researchers in 2002 to 6595 researchers by 2025; • Established Thematic Scientific Councils - Water (2005), Energy (2005), Ethnobotany (2006) and Agriculture (2006); • We are establishing the Academy of Sciences; • Conducted Scientific Expeditions to rural communities covering 12 districts within the Regional Centres of S&T to assess the major needs of the communities: water provision, irrigation dams, quality seeds, etc; as well as for technology transfer and integration of the indigenous knowledge. Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

11. The Actual State of S&T in Mozambique • 3 Regional Centres for Science and Technology created in the Country to allow interaction with HEI and the community for creating an environment for technology and knowledge transfer. Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

12. The Actual State of S&T in MozambiqueRegional Centres S&T • Objectives • Create a dynamic on R&D processes within the respective regions; • conceptualise programs for attraction to Mozambique of national and foreign qualified personnel; • Competencies • evaluate the socio-economic potential of technology innovations and identify the type of support needed for the implementation • promote the establishment of applied research laboratories taking into account the potentiality of each region. Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

13. The Actual State of S&T in Mozambique • National Fund for R&D and Innovation set-up: selected 17 projects for finance from 43 applicants; • 26 innovators so-far identified (18 in Maputo, 1 in Sofala, 2 in Tete, 4 in Nampula, 1 in Cabo Delgado): from this list 8 need support on the development of their prototype and the 18 need support to finish their prototype and patent registration of their innovations; • Researcher statute and career path created including specific incentives: • Exclusivity allowances 35% • Risk allowances linked to the scientific research 20% • Innovation subsidiary • Service delivery research fee or research contract Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

14. The Actual State of S&T in Mozambique • One Technology and Business Incubator created and others to be created for software development, manufacturing and services delivery; • On going establishment of the Centre of Technology Development (CDT) at Maputo City and incentive schemes to promote the interaction between the research & academia with industry. Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

15. ICTs as Enablers for Social and Economic Development Development Programmes defined by the Government • ICT Policy and Implementation Strategy • e-Government Strategy • Telecommunications Policy and Universal Access Strategy • New Telecommunication Act • Import Tax reduction from 7.5% to 0% • e-Legislation • Plan of Action for the Reduction of Absolute Poverty • Government Five Years Plan • Economic and Social Plans • Public Sector Reform Strategy • Agenda 2025 for Mozambique ICT Strategy and Development Plan Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

16. ICT Strategy Projects Human Capacity • SchoolNet • MICTI-ICT Institute • ICTs Curricula and Certification • Youth Programme for Content Development • HEI (Universities and Polytechnics) Infrastructure • National Transmission Network • VSAT Nework • Universal and Affordable e-Mail Access • Telecenters • Digital Agencies E-Government • GovNet (Government Net.) • SIP 2000 (Public Servants Information Systeml) • Civil Identification System • State Financial Info. Sys. (e-SISTAFE) • Digital Land Registry • One-Stop Shop • ICT Survey in Public Institutions • Electoral Process Info. Sys. Policy and Regulation • Capacity Building at INCM • Capacity Building at the ICT Policy Commission • Telecommunication Sector Reform Content & Applications • Info. Sys. For HIV/AIDS • Distance Education • Knowledge Base for Science and Technology • ICT Observatory • Country Development Gateway (MzDG) Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

17. e-Goverment – Anchor Projects E-solutions to improve Government Service Delivery all being developed under the Country Public Reform Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

18. E-Gov Strategy – Case 1 • The implementation of the E-Gov strategy is intended to delivery efficient service to the public, example: • The company business registration reduced from 120 days to 3 days; • The foreign investment project preliminary approval from 90 days to 15 days. Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

19. Access for All Initiatives – Case 2 • CMC benefits from the synergies of conventional radio and telecentre, offering: • Access to information and training; • Means for communication, exchange of knowledge and production of content; • Voice to the one’s who normally cannot be heard; • Tool for integrating and developing the community through knowledge empowerment. Community Radio Telecentre Community Multimedia Centre (CMC) + = Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

20. Access for All Initiatives – Case 3 • Provincial Digital Resource Centre (CPRD) is a centre for providing IT services for both provincial government and civil society at large; • CPRDs are located in provincial capitals and function as management centers of provincial government IT and provide training and access to information and online services for public administration and members of the civil society. • Mobile Unit is a movable ICT center managed under the CPRD, making visits to local secondary schools, health stations and providing training in ICTs and access to information in remote areas. Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

21. MoRENet – Case 4 • The Mozambique Research and Education Network – MoRENet, is the planned nationwide data network that will interconnect Academic and Research institutions for fast and efficient exchange of research data among its members. • Institutions Profile • Universities; • Polytechnic Institutes; • Agriculture Research institutions and Statistics; • Health Research Centre; • Police, Military and Marine. Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

22. Human Resources Development MICTI Model – Case 5 To provide through S&T parks a unique sustainable and supportive environment for the development of entrepreneurial and education activity that facilitate business incubation, technology transfer, training and the commercial exploitation of the knowledge-base. Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

23. What is MICTI? Nurture entrepreneurial skills providing employment and wealth generation opportunities Address the dire need for skilled personnel in Mozambique and in the region Research and Learning Institute Science and Technology Park Technology and Business Incubator Participation of international and domestic organizations that will provide expert input, seed knowledge and innovation capacities. Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

24. Roll Out of the MICTI Model • Started at UEM with a Technology and Business Incubator and graduated 5 companies. In 2007 new incubation process will start with an entrepreneurship course and a virtual incubation process. • Starting in 2007 the 18-month mid-level vocational course for ICT professionals – first intake 40 students; • A joint effort between the MCT and MICTI initiated the implementation at Maputo Centre City of the Centre of Technology Development an environment for technology innovation and stimulation of training in technical and management skills to promote creation and development of research institutions and knowledge and technology based companies. Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

25. Challenges and Call for Support • Promote the necessary donor coordination and establish articulation mechanisms with internal and external partners (bilateral and multi-lateral); • Promote partnership with industry to encourage the retrieval of valuable research done within HEI to the market and establish fiscal incentives; • Support to implement what is proposed on the e-Government; • Establishment of Technology and Business Incubators; • Establishment of Science and Technology Park in Moamba. Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

26. Challenges and Call for Support • Establish ICT infrastructures; • Deliver Technical Training Programmes on ICT; • Establish scholarship schemes for MSc and PhD levels and post PhD R&D development activities; • Promote the establishment of technology incubators and technology promotion centres/laboratories; • Establish research funds to support the development of R&D activities; • Establish the Government Data Sharing and Processing Centre; Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

27. Challenges and Call for Support • Setting up appropriate mechanisms for disbursing S&T funds in a way that enhances overall performance of the S&T system and increase the levels of investment in research, from 0.21% of the GDP that is currently being allocated for research to about 0.8% by 2010; • Establish a FOSS Centre and identify business models for low cost technologies; • Establish performance standards and evaluate the S&T system; • Develop indicators to evaluate S&T achievements and impact. Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

28. Conclusion • We want to use science, technology and innovation to boost the entrepreneurship that will accelerate the wealth creation for the sustainable development creating fair and harmonized society; • Efficient use of communication technologies support rapid dissemination of knowledge, building of human capacities and maintenance of national unity; • Key government reform programmes such as decentralization and public sector reforms depend of efficient means of communication. Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

29. In this fight our soldiers are the scientists and technologists and the weapons are the science and technologies; Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia - MCT

30. Thank You for Your Attention Prof. Doctor Eng. Venâncio Massingue Minister of Science & Technology Mozambique venancio.massingue@mct.gov.mz República de Moçambique