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Biomes

Biomes. Introduction. A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that determine its biome. We are going to talk about 7 land biomes and 3 aquatic biomes. Rain Forest Biomes. Typically found near the equator

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Biomes

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  1. Biomes

  2. Introduction • A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. • It is mostly climate conditions in an area that determine its biome. • We are going to talk about 7 land biomes and 3 aquatic biomes.

  3. Rain Forest Biomes • Typically found near the equator • Receive an average of 200 - 1,000 cm of precipitation each year • The temperature range is between 20 and 25 degrees Celsius. ( 68- 77 degrees Fahrenheit)

  4. Temperate Rain Forest • Found along the northwestern coast of the United States. • Where Twilight was set. • Has more moderate temperatures than the tropical rain forest and more change throughout the year. • Further from the equator than tropical rain forests.

  5. Tropical Rain Forest • The tall tress in a tropical rainforest forma leafy roof called the canopy. • Under the canopy is a second layer of shorter trees and vines that form an understory. • The forest floor is nearly dark so only a few plats live there.

  6. Tropical Rain Forest • The abundant plant life provides habitats for many species of animals. • Millions of species of animals live here • Insects are a major food source • Probably contain more species of plants and animals than all the other biomes combined.

  7. Desert • Typically found between 25o and 40o latitude • Deserts are characterized by very dry climates. • Receive less than 25 cm of rain each year. • The amount of evaporation is greater than the amount of precipitation • They also have a wide yearly temperature range. From -4 – 38 degrees Celsius. (24-100 F)

  8. Desert • Organisms must adapt to the lack of rain and extreme temperatures. • Stem of the saguaro cactus stores water • Gila monsters can spend weeks at a time in their cool underground burrows • Many other animals are most active at night

  9. Grassland Grasslands also known as prairie or savannah, are areas that receive more rain than the desert but not enough to support trees. • Grasslands receive 50-90 cm of rain each year while savannah’s receive slightly more since they are closer to the equator, between 50-130 cm. • Averge temperatures are between -20 and 30 degrees celsius (-4 and 86 F) • They have very rich soil and are home to many of the largest animals on Earth.

  10. Grasslands

  11. Grasslands

  12. Savannah

  13. Savannah

  14. Temperate Deciduous Forest • Where We Live! • Named for Deciduous trees that are found there • Trees that shed their leaves and grow new ones each year • Temperatures range from -30 – 30 degrees Celsius (-22 – 86 degrees F) • Average precipitation is between 75-150 cm

  15. Temperate Deciduous Forest

  16. Boreal/Taiga • Known for its Coniferous trees • Fir, Spruce, and Hemlock • Further north than Deciduous trees • Very cold winters—average temp between -40 and 20 degrees Celsius (-40 and 68 F) • Average precipitation between 30-90 cm

  17. Boreal Forest / Taiga

  18. Tundra • Extremely cold and dry biome • Average temperature range between -40 and 18 degrees Celsius (-40 and 64 F) • Average precipitation less than 25 cm • Very few plants • Mosses • Dwarf trees • Layer of permanently frozen soil—Permafrost

  19. Tundra

  20. Mountain and Ice • Not a true biome • As you move from the bottom to the top, you would pass through a series of biomes. • Animals with adaptations to ice • Penguins, polar bears, and seals

  21. Mountain Biome

  22. Freshwater Ecosystem • Streams, Rivers, Ponds, Lakes • Streams and Rivers have running water • Ponds and Lakes have standing water • Organisms adapted to life in a stream • Some insects and small animals have hooks or suckers that help them cling to rocks • Trout have streamlined bodies that allow them to swim despite the rushing water

  23. Marine Ecosystems • Estuary—where fresh river water and salty ocean water meet • Intertidal zone—between the highest and lowest tide • Neritic zone—below the low-tide line and out over the continental shelf • Surface zone—on the surface of the open ocean • Deep zone—below the surface of the open ocean

  24. Estuary • Algae and plants such as marsh grasses provide food and shelter for numerous animals. • Craps, worms, clams, and fish • Many animals use the calm waters of estuaries for breeding grounds

  25. Intertidal Zone • Difficult to live here • pounding waves • sudden changes in temperature • covered with water and then exposed to air

  26. Neritic Zone • Rich with life • Many large schools of fish feed there • Coral reefs may form here • Where did Nemo live?

  27. Deep Zone • Throughout much of the deep zone it is completely dark • Some animals in the deep zone glow in the dark • Some use for camouflage or identification and attraction • Anglerfish: uses its glow as a lure

  28. Food Webs in the Ocean • Algae form the basis of almost all open-ocean food webs • Phytoplankton are also producers

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