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Gas exchange. Trachea System. Found in insects. Trachea System. Found in insects Hollow tubes throughout the body supplying oxygen – trachea. Trachea System. Found in insects Hollow tubes throughout the body supplying oxygen – trachea
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Trachea System • Found in insects
Trachea System • Found in insects • Hollow tubes throughout the body supplying oxygen – trachea
Trachea System • Found in insects • Hollow tubes throughout the body supplying oxygen – trachea • Open to the outside through holes called spiracles in the exoskeleton
Trachea System • Found in insects • Hollow tubes throughout the body supplying oxygen – trachea • Open to the outside through holes called spiracles in the exoskeleton • Trachea are kept open by circular bands of chitin – they lead to smaller tubes without chitin bands called tracheoles
Trachea System • Found in insects • Hollow tubes throughout the body supplying oxygen – trachea • Open to the outside through holes called spiracles in the exoskeleton • Trachea are kept open by circular bands of chitin – they lead to smaller tubes without chitin bands called tracheoles • Tracheoles end in a moist ‘skin’ that reaches every cell so oxygen can now diffuse into the cells.
Trachea System • Found in insects • Hollow tubes throughout the body supplying oxygen – trachea • Open to the outside through holes called spiracles in the exoskeleton • Trachea are kept open by circular bands of chitin – they lead to smaller tubes without chitin bands called tracheoles • Tracheoles end in a moist ‘skin’ that reaches every cell so oxygen can now diffuse into the cells. • Some insects can ‘pump’ their body to assist in the gas exchange – like a very simple form of breathing.
Trachea System • Found in insects • Hollow tubes throughout the body supplying oxygen – trachea • Open to the outside through holes called spiracles in the exoskeleton • Trachea are kept open by circular bands of chitin – they lead to smaller tubes without chitin bands called tracheoles • Tracheoles end in a moist ‘skin’ that reaches every cell so oxygen can now diffuse into the cells. • Some insects can ‘pump’ their body to assist in the gas exchange – like a very simple form of breathing. • Insects blood is clear because it doesn’t carry gases
Trachea System • Found in insects • Hollow tubes throughout the body supplying oxygen – trachea • Open to the outside through holes called spiracles in the exoskeleton • Trachea are kept open by circular bands of chitin – they lead to smaller tubes without chitin bands called tracheoles • Tracheoles end in a moist ‘skin’ that reaches every cell so oxygen can now diffuse into the cells. • Some insects can ‘pump’ their body to assist in the gas exchange – like a very simple form of breathing. • Insects blood is clear because it doesn’t carry gases • This type of gas exchange system has kept insects small.
Handy information to read • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVP_PY0ZsOI • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fL0JwCD4mKI
To watch • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aPF00PzUGzc
Gas exchange in Fish • Gills – external to the body, constantly bathed in water
Gas exchange in Fish • Gills – external to the body, constantly bathed in water • Made of thin filaments supported by bony structures – each filament is composed of delicate plates containing many capillaries so look dark red.
Gas exchange in Fish • Gills – external to the body, constantly bathed in water • Made of thin filaments supported by bony structures – each filament is composed of delicate plates containing many capillaries so look dark red. • In bony fish, the gills are protected by a covering called the operculum
Gas exchange in Fish • Gills – external to the body, constantly bathed in water • Made of thin filaments supported by bony structures – each filament is composed of delicate plates containing many capillaries so look dark red. • In bony fish, the gills are protected by a covering called the operculum • In cartilaginous fish (sharks) – gills are open to the water as slits down the side of the body.
Gas exchange in Fish • Gills – external to the body, constantly bathed in water • Made of thin filaments supported by bony structures – each filament is composed of delicate plates containing many capillaries so look dark red. • In bony fish, the gills are protected by a covering called the operculum • In cartilaginous fish (sharks) – gills are open to the water as slits down the side of the body. • Fish continuously pump water through the mouth and over the gills to exit at the back of the operculum.
Gas exchange in Fish • Gills – external to the body, constantly bathed in water • Made of thin filaments supported by bony structures – each filament is composed of delicate plates containing many capillaries so look dark red. • In bony fish, the gills are protected by a covering called the operculum • In cartilaginous fish (sharks) – gills are open to the water as slits down the side of the body. • Fish continuously pump water through the mouth and over the gills to exit at the back of the operculum. • Sharks have to keep in constant motion to maintain a flow of water
Gas exchange in fish • This process is called ventilation – any method that increases the flow of the respiratory medium (either water or air) over the respiratory membranes.
Gas exchange in fish • This process is called ventilation – any method that increases the flow of the respiratory medium (either water or air) over the respiratory membranes. • The capillaries in the gills are set up so gas can be diffuses easier – the blood flow is opposite to the water flow.
Gas exchange in fish • This process is called ventilation – any method that increases the flow of the respiratory medium (either water or air) over the respiratory membranes. • The capillaries in the gills are set up so gas can be diffuses easier – the blood flow is opposite to the water flow. • This means that the blood coming into the capillary meets new water full of oxygen – this is counter-current exchange.
Gas exchange in fish • This process is called ventilation – any method that increases the flow of the respiratory medium (either water or air) over the respiratory membranes. • The capillaries in the gills are set up so gas can be diffuses easier – the blood flow is opposite to the water flow. • This means that the blood coming into the capillary meets new water full of oxygen – this is counter-current exchange. • It makes the oxygen take-up so efficient, a fish can get 80% of the oxygen out of the water.