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What is a Mineral?

Learn about minerals in Earth Science class! Understand the characteristics of minerals, how to differentiate minerals from non-minerals, and identify minerals using physical properties. Engage in a fun lab to test mineral identification!

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What is a Mineral?

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  1. Mrs. Akin 6th Grade Earth Science What is a Mineral?

  2. Properties of Minerals: • Solid • Cannot be a liquid or a gas • Naturally Occurring • Found in nature, not man-made • Inorganic • Is not alive and never was, non-living • Formula • Has a chemical formula, most are formed from compounds of two or more elements, some minerals consist of one element ex. Au • Crystal Structure • A definite structure in which atoms are arranged

  3. Definition: A mineral is a naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a definite crystallinestructure.

  4. Mineral: Solid with definite chemical composition and orderly arrangement of atoms

  5. Questions to ask yourself when determining if an item is a mineral or not: • Is it non-living material? • Is it a solid? • Is it formed in nature? • Does it have a crystalline structure?

  6. The next few slides show an assortment of items. With the person sitting next to you categorize the items as either: Minerals or Non-Minerals

  7. Wood

  8. Gold

  9. Fossil

  10. Topaz

  11. Bones

  12. Granite

  13. Quartz

  14. Pearls

  15. Talc

  16. Icebergs

  17. Diamond

  18. Coal

  19. Rock Salt

  20. Not a Mineral Wood

  21. Yes! It is a Mineral! Gold

  22. Not a Mineral Fossil

  23. Yes! It is a Mineral! Topaz

  24. Not a Mineral Bones

  25. Not a Mineral Granite

  26. Yes! It is a Mineral! Quartz

  27. Not a Mineral Pearls

  28. Yes! It is a Mineral! Talc

  29. Yes! It is a Mineral! Icebergs

  30. Yes! It is a Mineral! Diamond

  31. Not a Mineral Coal

  32. Not a Mineral Rock Salt

  33. And the answers are… Minerals Gold Topaz Quartz Talc Iceberg* Diamonds Non-Minerals Wood - once living Fossils – once living Bone - living material Granite - intrusive igneous rock Pearls – made by oysters Coal - Sedimentary rock Rock Salt – Sedimentary rock According to IMA – ice is listed as a mineral

  34. Minerals can be identified by physical properties: • Color and Appearance • Hardness • The way it reflects light (Luster) • The color of a mineral in powdered form (Streak) • The way a mineral breaks (Cleavage and Fracture) • Other Properties

  35. Sample Testing for Mineral Identification

  36. Identifying MineralsLAB

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