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Super Model

Super Model. How are protons and electrons arranged in atoms?. Notebook. Super Model, Part 1 How are electrons and protons arranged in an atom? Put it in your TOC. Page 162. Different spectra caused by differences between atoms Questions we’re asking: HOW are they different?

marah-rutledge
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Super Model

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  1. Super Model How are protons and electrons arranged in atoms?

  2. Notebook • Super Model, Part 1 • How are electrons and protons arranged in an atom? • Put it in your TOC

  3. Page 162 • Different spectra caused by differences between atoms • Questions we’re asking: • HOW are they different? • How does the structure of an atom vary from element to element?

  4. Models • What does a model do? • What does it allow us to do that we normally wouldn’t do? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xqNSQ3OQMGI

  5. Page 167 – What is a Model? • Physical Model • An object on a different scale • Example? • Conceptual model • Describes a system, not a thing • Example?

  6. Example of model - DNA

  7. Example of model - Gravity

  8. Blind Drawing Activity • One person come up to the board • Feel an object in their hands, EYES CLOSED • Have 20 seconds to draw it on the board • You are modeling using evidence…

  9. Process and Procedure • #1: Read 164-165 • INSTEAD of #2: • Explain Rutherford’s experiment by using a sentence for each of these words. Show how it is related to the reading/experiment. • Use these words: • Gold foil, alpha particles, nucleus, empty space, rebound, target, model, protons, electrons, positive, negative

  10. Web stuff • http://www.mhhe.com/physsci/chemistry/essentialchemistry/flash/ruther14.swf

  11. Stop and Think, p. 169 • Let’s just discuss #2 • Good discussion looks like what? • Respectful • Quiet when it’s not your turn • Creative

  12. History of the Atom • The modern model of the atom has evolved over a long period of time through the work of many scientists • Democritus • matter is made up of particles called atoms • Dalton • atoms of the same element are alike • solid indivisible spheres • Thomson • cathode ray tube • discovers electrons • plum pudding model

  13. History of the Atom • Rutherford • Gold foil experiment • discovers a massive (heavy) positively (+) charged nucleus • most of the atoms volume is empty space • nuclear model

  14. History of the Atom • Continued • Bohr • Hydrogen emission spectra • electron energy is quantized – electrons can only have certain orbits with certain radii • planetary model • Schrödinger • Aided by many famous scientists (De Broglie, Heisenberg, etc…) • Wave-mechanical or electron cloud or quantum-mechanical model (very complex)

  15. History of the Atom

  16. Question: Subatomic particles can usually pass undeflected through an atom because the volume of an atom is composed of (1) an uncharged nucleus (2) largely empty space (3) neutrons (4) protons þ

  17. Question: One model of the atom states that atoms are tiny particles composed of a uniform mixture of positive and negative charges. Scientists conducted an experiment where alpha particles were aimed at a thin layer of gold atoms. Most of the alpha particles passed directly through the gold atoms. A few alpha particles were deflected from their straight-line paths. An illustration of the experiment is shown below.

  18. Black Box Activity • Eight groups • Each group chooses a SECRET object • Place the object in the box at your station • Make sure others don’t see it • Go around and record what you observe/test for the other boxes • Make a guess • You can walk around alone or in a group

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