National Academies Review of the NIOSH Hearing Loss Research Program

1. National Academies Review of the NIOSH Hearing Loss Research Program Lewis V. Wade, Ph.D. Senior Science Advisor National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health January 5, 2006

2. Presentation Objectives • NIOSH goals for this review • Overview of NIOSH and it’s research programs • Questions and Discussion

3. Review of NIOSH Research Programs Conduct a series of studies to review NIOSH research activities with respect to: • Impact of completed research in the workplace • Relevance of research conducted • Significant emerging issues

4. Why has NIOSH undertaken this review?

5. Quantitative Results “The committee will rate the performance of each program activity on a scale of 1 – 5 for the impact of the program in the workplace and for the success of the program in achieving its goals. For cases where the impact is difficult to measure, the committee may evaluate performance by using existing intermediate outcomes to estimate impact.”

6. Performance Measurement • GPRA: Government Performance and Results Act of 1993, PL 103-62 • Strategic and performance plans • Performance reports • PART: Program Assessment Rating Tool, President’s Management Council, 2002 • Systematic method of assessing performance of program activities

7. Overview of NIOSH Research Programs

8. U.S. Occupational Illness and Injuries • Work-related fatalities per day • 16 from injuries (5524 in 2002) • 137 from diseases • 4.4 million non-fatal illnesses and injuries (2003) • $49.6 billion -- direct costs for occupational injuries (2002)* Liberty Mutual Safety Index, 2004 *

9. OSH Act of 1970 • PL 91-596 (1970) created OSHA and NIOSH • To assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women

10. Occupational Safety and Health Regulation/Enforcement Research and Prevention Recommendations Department of Labor (DOL) Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

11. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health • The sole federal government organization charged with conducting occupational safety and health research.

12. NIOSH Vision Delivering on the nation’s promise – safety and health at work for all people through research and prevention

13. NIOSH Values • Relevance • Diversity • Quality • Partnership • Access • Performance • Accountability

14. NIOSH Strategic Goals • Conduct research to reduce work-related illnesses and injuries. • Promote safe and healthy workplaces through interventions, recommendations and capacity building. • Enhance global workplace safety and health through international collaborations

15. NIOSH Research Agenda • Before 1996: • National symposia on the leading causes of occupationally-related illness and injury • Ten strategies • After 1996: • National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA)

16. National Occupational Research Agenda (1996) • A national partnership effort • 500 organizations and individuals outside NIOSH • 21 research priorities to guide OSH research in the nation for the next decade

17. NORA (1996) Ongoing Effectiveness Evaluation • Pre-award competitive external scientific review • Mid-course external review of program • Annual internal assessment of progress and success • NORA at nine review

18. Develop sector specific research agendas to bring research to practice in the workplace • Accept stakeholder input (www.cdc.gov/niosh/nora) • Kick-off at the 2006 NORA Symposium on April 17-20, 2006

19. Agriculture, forestry, and fishing Construction Health care and social assistance Manufacturing Mining Services Transportation, warehousing, and utilities Wholesale and retail trade Cross-sector issues Research Councils:

20. Board of Scientific Counselors The Board of Scientific Counselors shall provide guidance to the Director, NIOSH, on research and preventions programs. Specifically, the Board shall provide guidance on the Institute's research activities related to developing and evaluating hypotheses, systematically documenting findings and disseminating results. The Board shall evaluate the degree to which the activities of NIOSH: (1) Conform to appropriate scientific standards, (2) address current, relevant needs, and (3) produce intended results.

21. NIOSH Operational Logic Model Intermediate and Final Activities Inputs End Activities Outputs Intermediate Activities Outputs Final Activities Outcomes ( transformation ) ( implementation ) Feedback Research Partners Research * : OSHA , MSHA , Surveillance , other federal epidemiological and Production Inputs agencies ; behavioral studies , intervention studies , NIOSH Pilot and / or laboratory and field - Recommendations , programs ; market ready Transfer : studies , Employees , reports , publications , Congress ; State technologies , exposure workshops , databases , employers , - translation of & local training and measurements and conferences ; research into industry , risk assessment , agencies ; education Improvements practice , products educators , control studies and - training and education standards programs , and technologies ; in safety and development , regulators materials and - information bodies ; labor , guidance , PPE studies and health in demonstration programs , who reduce or dissemination ; trade and regulations , development trained professionals ; - capacity building prevent workplaces professional standards , through technical hazardous - tools and methods , best associations ; trade and assistance * Intramural and exposures or practices , developmental ( HHE’s ) , training technology major media extramural , including technologies , licenses , conditions and education Planning Inputs developers and releases ; domestic and patents international efforts , manufacturers ; websites such as work other conducted at ERCs , researchers ; SH ARCs and WHO practitioners Global Network of Collaborating Centers T r a n s f e r Conduct Surveillance and evaluate intervention effectiveness External Factors : Economic and social conditions and regulatory environment Mission: To Provide National and World Leadership to Prevent Work-related Illnesses and Injuries

22. NIOSH Operational Logic Model Outputs Intermediate and Final Activities Intermediate Activities Outputs Final Activities (transformation) (implementation) Inputs Activities End Outcomes Transfer

23. NIOSH Operational Logic Model Outputs Intermediate and Final Activities Intermediate Activities Outputs Final Activities (transformation) (Implementation) Inputs Activities End Outcomes Transfer

24. NIOSH Budget:2000 – 2006 (proposed) $ Millions 286 286 273 277 276 260 226 2000 2002 2004 2006

25. NIOSH Locations and Staff ~1300 FTEs in: Cincinnati Morgantown Pittsburgh Spokane Atlanta Washington

26. NIOSH Staff Census by Occupation(Selected Research Categories) n = 573 Total NIOSH FTEs = 1300

27. Divisions, Labs, and Offices • Education and Information Division • Division of Applied Research and Technology • Division of Surveillance Hazard Evaluation and Field Studies • Office of Compensation Analysis and Support • Division of Respiratory Disease Studies • Division of Safety Research • Health Effects Laboratory Division • Spokane Research Laboratory • Pittsburgh Research Laboratory • National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory

28. Extramural Programs Total: ~$100M

29. Outputs Intermediate and Final Activities Intermediate Activities Outputs  Final Activities (transformation) (Implementation) Inputs Activities End Outcomes Transfer

30. Research Program Portfolio(includes all NIOSH research projects) • Sector programs • Cross-sector programs • Tools and emphasis areas

31. Sector Programs (8) • Agricultural, forestry & fishing • Construction • Healthcare & social assistance • Manufacturing • Mining • Public and private services • Trade • Transportation, warehousing & utilities

32. Cross-Sector Programs (15) • Authoritative recommendations development • Cancer, reproductive, cardiovascular, neurologic & renal diseases • Communications & information dissemination • Emergency preparedness/response • Global collaborations • Health hazard evaluation • Hearing loss prevention

33. Cross-Sector Programs (15) (continued) • Immune, dermal & infectious diseases • Musculoskeletal disorders • Personal protective technology • Radiation dose reconstruction • Respiratory diseases • Training grants • Traumatic injury • Work organization & stress-related disorders

34. Tools and Emphasis Programs (7) • Economics • Exposure assessment • Engineering controls • WorkLife initiative • Occupational health disparities • Small business assistance and outreach • Surveillance

35. NIOSH Research-to-Practice Program • Conceiving, Planning, Conducting, Evaluating, and Translating Research with our Partners…and with Impact in Mind

36. Outputs Intermediate and Final Activities Intermediate Activities Outputs  Final Activities (transformation) (Implementation) Inputs Activities End Outcomes Transfer

37. Research Outputs • Peer-reviewed publications • NIOSH publications • Communications to regulatory agencies or Congress

38. Outputs Intermediate and Final Activities Intermediate Activities Outputs Final Activities (transformation) (Implementation) Inputs Activities End Outcomes Transfer

39. Transfer of Outputs to Customers • Translation of research into practice, products and technologies • Information dissemination: • Web site • Technical information inquiry services

40. Transfer of Outputs to Customers • Capacity building through • technical assistance • Health hazard evaluation program • Fatality investigation programs • Firefighters • Other targeted groups • training and education • Educational Research Centers • Training project grants

41. Many Partners(for example) • American Society of Safety Engineers • Center to Protect Workers’ Rights • American Industrial Hygiene Association • American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine • World Health Organization • Pan American Health Organization

42. Outputs Intermediate and Final Activities Intermediate Activities  Outputs  Final Customers (transformation) (Implementation) Inputs Activities End Outcomes Transfer

43. The final outcome we all seek is improved workplace health and safety

44. Quantitative Results “The committee will rate the performance of each program activity on a scale of 1 – 5 for the impact of the program in the workplace and for the success of the program in achieving its goals. For cases where the impact is difficult to measure, the committee may evaluate performance by using existing intermediate outcomes to estimate impact.”

45. Outputs of customers that we define as intermediate outcomes • Regulations • Guidance • Standards • Training and education programs • Pilot technologies

46. NIOSH thoughts on NA review process • Programs, not projects • Importance of quantitative as well as qualitative assessment • Bottom line effectiveness, not just a review of processes

47. NIOSH thoughts on the Framework • Comfortable with the Framework • No Framework can cover the breadth of NIOSH programs; EC may face some challenges • We understand that arriving at a simple number rating is a difficult task, we also understand that some will place great importance in that number, we appreciate your efforts • Keep in mind that NIOSH’s ultimate goals is to do “better” work, therefore your advice is welcome