f rom “Blue Highways”

1. from “Blue Highways” By William Least Heat-Moon

2. Travelogue • A term referring to: • a talk or lecture on travel usually accompanied by a film or slides • a narrated motion picture about travel • a piece of writing about travel

3. Think-Pair-Share • In your notebook, write a paragraph about a personal travel experience. • It could be as simple as going to the beach or Great Adventure or as elaborate as going to Europe. • While reexamining this experience, consider your interaction with: • People • Food • Language • How did you react to your experience in new surroundings?

4. Think-Pair-Share • Once you have completed your paragraph • Partner up with someone at your table • Share your experience with each other. • How are your experiences similar? Different? • Present your findings to the class.

5. Author’s Purpose • Author’s reason to write: • To entertain • To inform • To persuade • To express himself or herself • Usually the author writes to accomplish 2 or more of the above items. • When reading “Blue Highways,” consider the purposes of Heat-Moon • Notice incidents, people, and language that indicate the author’s stance.

6. from “Blue Highways” • Describes cultural descriptions of Hopi Indians of northeastern Arizona • Hopi means “peaceful or civilized person” • Pressured for 4 centuries to adopt European ways • Spanish colonizers • Catholic missionaries • United States settlers • 1882: US government made Hopi lands a protected reservation • However…

7. Map of Hopi Reservation

8. Hopi • Government forced Hopi children to attend government schools • Threatened Hopi way of life • Created a division between traditional & progressive Hopi • Still exists today • Hopi have maintained their cultural traditions • Live on reservation • Have own government, laws, police & services • American citizens & must obey American law

9. Hopi Beliefs • Pray to Almighty • Not as concerned about an afterlife • Almighty is formless & lives in the Sky • Assume souls of the dead go to another part of the universe where they have a new existence carrying on everyday activities like they were still alive • Just in a different world

10. Snake Dances • Still performed today • 2 weeks to prepare; snakes are gathered & watched over by the children • Usually rattle snakes & are dangerous but no harm seems to befall the children • Before the dance begins the dancers take a hallucinogenic & dance with the snakes in their mouths • Usually an Antelope Priest in attendance who helps with the dance, sometimes stroking the snakes with a feather or supporting their weight • After the dance, snakes are released to carry the prayers of the dancers

11. Snake Dances

12. Kachina Dolls • Carved out wood by the Zuni and Hopi tribes • 300 different Kachinas • Clothed in masks & costumes to look like men who dressed up as Kachinaspirits • Given to children to teach them to identify parts they play in tribal ceremonies • Beings of a great might & power to the Native Americans • Came down to Earth & helped Native Americans tend their fields brining wisdom about agriculture, law and government • Physically interacted with the people themselves • Drawings of them on cave walls

13. Piki Bread • Can range in shades of blue • Represents the Eastern rising sun, the beginning of life, wisdom & understanding • Used in naming infants • Represents long life

14. 4 Evolutions of Mankind • Shadowy realm of contentment • Place of comfort • Forgot where came from • Worshipped material goods • Pleasant land • “Bewildered by past” and “fearful of future” • Thought only of earthly plans • Life is difficult for humans • Struggles with materialism & selfishness