Chapter 17 The New Deal 1933-1938 (Pages 505-525)

1. Chapter 17 The New Deal 1933-1938 (Pages 505-525) Forging a New Deal 2nd Bonus Army March Campsites provided Eleanor paid a visit “The only thing we have to fear, is fear itself.”

2. The 1st 100 Days • Programs for relief, jobs, economic recovery • Restore confidence in banks • FDIC • Public Works Projects • Civil Works Administration • Civilian Conservation Corps • 2.5 million men in forest, beach, and park maintainence • 8,500 women employed

4. Helping Businesses • National Industrial Recovery Act • Set wages, conditions, production, and price • Minimum wage set • Collective bargaining • Federal Securities Act • Disclose stock information • Home owners loan association • Tennessee Valley Authority • Improved least modernized area, set standards for farming

5. New Deal Personnel • Women involved in Cabinet Posts • Brain trusts • Eleanor • Traveled to promote programs • Sat in the middle of a segregated auditorium

6. Mary Mcleod Bethune • Worked her way through school with odd jobs and earned a scholarship • Started women’s school in Daytona Florida • Served in many voluntary organizations • Worked in many New Deal programs for African Americans

8. End of the Honeymoon • Did not improve economy enough • Many agencies deemed unconstitutional

9. 2nd New Deal • More aggressive • Works Progress Administration • Public areas/the arts • Wagner Act • Unions become legal • Social Security Act • Retirement benefits, survivors’ benefits, unemployment insurance, aid for mothers, and disability benefits

12. 1936 Election • Landslide victory • Democrats gained new members and groups

13. The New Deal’s Critics • Limits of the New Deal • Did not benefit all • Set minimum wage too low • Jobs went to male head of household • Skilled in the south went to white workers • Lower wages • Did not stop lynchings

14. The Right • Preserve the status quo • Against taxing the rich • Against social security #’s-too militaristic • Limited freedom • Against compulsory insurance

15. The Left • Change of existing institutions • Did not go far enough • Others • Demagogues-manipulate with half truths, deceptive promises, scare tactics. • Father Charles Coughlin • Back and forth • Anti-semitism • Praise for Hitler • 1940 Catholic leaders made him go off the air

16. Father Coughlin

17. Huey Long • Governor and Senator from Louisiana • Helped under privileged but had a large ruthless political machine • 1935 shot by a political enemy’s son

18. Huey Long

19. Court Packing • Court reform bill that would add 6 judges to the supreme court • Widely criticized • Withdrew • Southern Democrats and Republicans became allies

21. Enduring Legacies of the New Deal • Recession of 1937 • Less income because of Social Security tax • WPA cut • National debt Increased • Programs reinstated

22. Triumph of the Labor Unions • Membership increased • 1933 3 million-1941 10.5 million • Unions unite with unskilled workers and minorities are allowed membership • Sit down strikes- stay at work but do nothing while workers outside picket • Prevented Scabs

23. GM Strike • Men sit in but Gm turns off heat and blocks food and calls in police • Women get involved • Militia not used • Not all strikes successful • Ford

24. Cultural life in the 1930’s • Programs gave work to artists • Literature • “Grapes of Wrath” and “Gone with the Wind” • Radio/Movies • Comedies-Jack Benny and Fred Allen • Soap Operas • Symphonies/operas • Movie double features/drive ins • Gangster films • Walt Disney

25. Jack Benny

26. Lasting New Deal Monuments • National and State Parks • TVA • Social Security