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GRID technologies for learning

GRID technologies for learning. OnLine Educa Berlin December 3-5 2003 Future Technology for Learning session. Pierluigi Ritrovato Centro di Ricerca in Matematica Pura ed Applicata. Outline. What is the GRID The GRID history What is available GRID vs Web Why grid for Learning

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GRID technologies for learning

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  1. GRID technologies for learning OnLine Educa BerlinDecember 3-5 2003Future Technology for Learning session Pierluigi Ritrovato Centro di Ricerca in Matematica Pura ed Applicata

  2. Outline • What is the GRID • The GRID history • What is available • GRID vs Web • Why grid for Learning • Some relevant projects

  3. What are The Grid • “The grid is an emerging infrastructure that will fundamentally change the way we think about - and use - computing. The grid will connect multiple regional and national computational grids to create a universal source of computing power.”The Grid: Blueprint for a New Computing Infrastructure, Foster and Kesselman, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1999

  4. The Current GRID Vision Grid has emerged as an important new field, distinguished from conventional distributed computing by its focus on large-scale resource sharing, innovative applications, and, in some cases, high-performance orientation for problem solving in dynamic, multi-institutional virtual organizations Source: Foster I., Kesselman C., Tuecke S. The Anatomy of the Grid: Enabling Scalable Virtual Organizations January 2001

  5. Outline • What are the GRID • The GRID history • What is available • GRID vs Web • Why grid for Learning • Some relevant projects

  6. Where the Grid is coming from • Work over the last decade on several distinct topics • Metacomputing - combining distributed heterogeneous computing resources for solving a single problem • Data Archiving - building collections of data on specific topics with open metadata catalogues and well-documented data formats • Collaborative Working - network-based facilities for distributed, concurrent working on shared information • Data visualization - large-scale immersive facilities for 3D visual interaction with data coupled to computational analysis • Instrumentation control - remote control of experimental equipment and real time data gathering systems

  7. Who are using the Grid? • Physicists • Large Hadron Collider Data Grid • Engineers • real-time visualisation, rapid turn-round simulation evaluation • Astrophysicists • searching across many instrument-specific data archives to study a new class of object at all wavelengths • Environmentalists • climate change, pollution • Biologists • Genome research, drugs design • . . .

  8. Outline • What are the GRID • The GRID history • What is available • GRID vs Web • Why grid for Learning • Some relevant projects

  9. The current state • 1st Generation • " involved local "Metacomputers" with basic services such as distributed file systems and site-wide single sign on, upon which adventurous software developers created distributed applications with custom communications protocols. • 2nd Generation • began with projects such Condor, I-WAY (the origin of Globus), Legion (origin of Avaki) and UNICOR (from EU), 2G Grids offered basic building blocks, but deployment involved significant customization making interoperability problematic, and interoperability among 2G Grid systems is very difficult. • 3rd Generation • The GGF community is taking lessons learned from 1G and 2G Grids and from web services technologies and concepts to create 3G architectures like the Open Grid Services Architecture (OGSA) whereby a set of common interface specifications supports the interoperability of discrete, independently developed services. Source: GridToday October 27/2003 Vol 2 n.43 THE RISE OF THIRD-GENERATION GRIDSBy Charlie Catlett, Global Grid Forum Chairman

  10. OGSAthe Open Grid Services Architecture • Service orientation to virtualize resources • Define fundamental Grid service behaviors • A unifying framework for interoperability & establishment of total system properties • Service description and discovery • Service lifetime management • Authentication, authorization, policy • Notification • Integration with Web services • Leverage on commercial base standards • Neutral wrt the hosting environment technologies and developing languages

  11. Butterfly.net: Grid for multi-player games Grids and Industry: Early Examples Entropia: Distributed computing

  12. Europe vs USA Europe hones an edge in technologyContinent leads U.S. in linking PC 'grids'By John Markoff and Jennifer L. Schenker/NYT (The New York Time)Tuesday, November 11, 2003 “… Novartis used American software technology to harness the power of its office PC's, but European and American scientists and government officials said Europe was moving faster than the United States to capitalize on the approach, which is called grid computing. “

  13. EU funded projects in 5FP

  14. Outline • What are the GRID • The GRID history • What is available • GRID vs Web • Why grid for Learning • Some relevant projects

  15. Dynamic General resources sharing Scientific target Architecture oriented Aiming at standardising the behaviour Focused on interoperability, reliability and security Based on web standards Static Data sharing Business and masses target Infrastructure oriented Aiming at standardising the communication (protocols) Focused on sharing and collecting information  GRID vs WEB

  16. For More Information • GRIDSTART • www.gridstart.org • Global Grid Forum • www.ggf.org • GRID Today • www.gridtoday.com

  17. Outline • What are the GRID • The GRID history • What is available • GRID vs Web • Why grid for Learning • Some relevant projects

  18. Motivationlacks of existing (e)Learning practices and environments • based on the information transfer paradigm with focus on the content and the “teacher” • find the best way for presenting content in order to transmit information to learners • Technology driven approach • Missing specific didactical models • all the students are considered the same • finds its perfect technical mirror in the “page oriented approach to the Web” • e-Learning becomes an activity in which teachers produce, and students consume, multimedia books on the Web

  19. MotivationThe Learning Paradigm Shift • knowledge construction, rather than information transfer • focus is on the learner and on the learning strategies • Based on new forms of learning: • Experiential and contextualised - the understanding of concepts through direct experience of their manifestation in realistic contexts • Learning as a social process – active collaboration with other students, teachers, tutors, experts or, in general, available human peers • Personalised learning - guarantee the learner will reach a cognitive excellence through different learning paths tailored on learner’s characteristics and preferences

  20. Some characteristics of future learning scenarios • Service Orientation • Dynamism, dynamism, dynamism • High demand of interoperability • Open Architecture • Security and Trust • Multi institutional account and billing protocols

  21. Why GRID technologies • Are demonstrating their effectiveness for implementing e-Science infrastructure for sharing data, applications and knowledge • Allow the virtualisation and sharing of several kind of resources facilitating the dynamic context generation • Facilitate the realisation of ubiquitous computing concept • Facilitate the realisation of emerging challenging learning scenarios through dynamic VO

  22. Outline • What are the GRID • The GRID history • What is available • GRID vs Web • Why grid for Learning • Some relevant projects

  23. www.momanet.it/iwt • Intelligent Web Teacher is an extensible application framework for building learning solutions • It has been designed for facilitating the paradigm shift

  24. ASPbusiness concept between financially independent entities Flexible but proprietary ASP Interoperable component based ASP GRASP GRIDbasic infrastructure for dynamic distributed computing WebServicesinterfaces for remote procedure calls OGSA GRASPGRID based Application Service Provisionwww.eu-grasp.net

  25. www.lege-wg.org/Activity/Home

  26. ELeGIEuropean Learning GRID Infrastructure • FP6 Integrated Project under negotiation • 23 partners from 8 EU Countries • 4 years • 5 test-beds

  27. Ritrovato Pierluigi ritrovato@crmpa.unisa.it CRMPA – University of Salerno +39 089 964289/2201 Useful Links ELeGI – coming soon! IWT – www.momanet.it/iwt LeGE-WG - www.lege-wg.org/Activity/Home GRASP – www.eu-grasp.org GRIDSTART - www.gridstart.org Global Grid Forum - www.ggf.org GRID Today - www.gridtoday.com

  28. Some future learning scenariosField trip

  29. OGSA Infrastructure future learning environment architecture Learning GRID Applications (Virtual Campus, Virtual Scientific Experiments, personalized mobile learning, …) OGSA generic services (orchestration, data mngt., logging, ) OGSA Domain Specific Services (user profiling, skill assessment, LO mngt, ontology mngt, …) Web services run time engine Operating Systems Physical resources

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