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WFM 6202: Remote Sensing and GIS in Water Management

Dr. Akm Saiful Islam. WFM 6202: Remote Sensing and GIS in Water Management. [Part-B: Geographic Information System (GIS)]. Lecture-1: Introduction to GIS. Institute of Water and Flood Management (IWFM) Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET). November, 2007.

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WFM 6202: Remote Sensing and GIS in Water Management

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  1. Dr. Akm Saiful Islam WFM 6202: Remote Sensing and GIS in Water Management [Part-B: Geographic Information System (GIS)] Lecture-1: Introduction to GIS Institute of Water and Flood Management (IWFM) Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) November, 2007

  2. Introduction to GIS What is GIS ? An Information System that is used to input, store , retrieve, manipulate, analyze and output geographically referenced data or geospatial data, in order to support decision making for planning and management of land use, natural resources, environment, transportation, urban facilities, and other administrative records

  3. Components of GIS • Key components of GIS are: • Computer system, geospatial data, and users • Sources of geospatial data are: • Digitized maps, aerial photographs, satellite images, statistical tables, and other related documents Computer System Geospatial Data Users Figure: Key components of GIS

  4. Classification of Geospatial Data • Graphical data (called geometric data) • Attributes (called thematic data) Real World Data Model Spatial Objects Points Lines Areas Vector Raster Form Pixels in Raster Attributes in Tables Figure: Concept of Geospatial Data

  5. Why GIS is needed ? Common problems of handing geospatial information: • Geospatial data are poorlymaintained. • Maps and statistics are outofdate. • Data and information are inaccurate. • There is no data retrieval service. • There is no data sharing.

  6. Benefits once GIS is implemented • Geospatial data are better maintained in a standard format. • Revision and updating are easier. • Geospatial data and information are easier to search, analysis and represent. • More valueadded product. • Geospatial data can be shared and exchanged freely. • Productivity of the staff improved and more efficient. • Time and money are saved. • Better decision can be made.

  7. Comparison of Geospatial Information Management

  8. GIS Versus Manual Works

  9. Basic Functions of GIS

  10. Computer System for GIS • Hardware System • Central Processing Unit (CPU) • Memory (RAM) > 64 MB • I/O Device • Plotters, printers, mouse, digitizers, scanners, digital camera • Software System • Operating System • DOS, Windows • Compiler • C++, Pascal, Fortran, BASIC • Application Programs • ArcGIS, MGE, Geo/SQL, GFIS, IDRISI*, GRASS* • * public domain software

  11. GIS as Multidisciplinary Science • Geography • Cartography • Remote Sensing • Photogrammetry • Surveying • Geodesy • Statistics • Operations Research • Computer Science • Mathematics • Civil Engineering • Urban Planning

  12. Relations of Traditional Disciplines with GIS

  13. Area of GIS Applications

  14. GIS Information Infrastructure Population Land Use Cadastre etc. Social Infrastructure Police and Fire Cable and Pipe Transportations GIS Information Infrastructure Environmental Infrastructure Urban Infrastructure Natural Resources Pollution Disaster etc. Economic Infrastructure Educational Infrastructure Marketing Banking Car Navigations etc. Basic knowledge Computer assisted education

  15. GIS for decision support

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