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Chemicals and the Earth

Chemicals and the Earth. Lesson 3: Extraction of Metals. Lesson 3 Objectives. Talk about native metals and ores Look at the three methods of extraction Introduce table of extraction of metals . Recap on last lesson. Oxidation is the addition of oxygen (or loss of electron)

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Chemicals and the Earth

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  1. Chemicals and the Earth Lesson 3: Extraction of Metals

  2. Lesson 3 Objectives • Talk about native metals and ores • Look at the three methods of extraction • Introduce table of extraction of metals

  3. Recap on last lesson • Oxidation is the addition of oxygen (or loss of electron) Reduction is the loss of oxygen (or gain of electron) • OIL RIG

  4. Thermit Reaction aluminium +iron(III)oxide iron + aluminium oxide identify what is being oxidised and what is being reduced? Hence what is the reducing or oxidising agent?

  5. Metals and Metal Ores • Metals that are found uncombined in nature are called native metals. Give an example of native metal? Why ? • Most metals are found in compounds and are not native. Rocks from which they can be separated are called ores

  6. Ores • A rock is a mixture of minerals. A mineral is any solid compound or ore found naturally in the earth’s crust. • Examples: haematite (iron), malachite (copper), bauxite (aluminium)

  7. How are metals released from their compounds (ores)?

  8. Methods of extraction • 1) by heat alone: thermal decomposition silver oxide sliver + oxygen • 2) by heating with carbon copper +carbon copper + carbon oxide dioxide

  9. Extracting metals from ores • The extraction of metals from ore involves always a chemical reaction to release the metal from its compounds • Extraction of metals can also be described as a reduction. Many ores are oxides this means removing oxygen to release the metals

  10. Methods of extraction 3) by electrolysis Passing electricity through a molten ore will split up the compound and so extract the metal. Electrical energy decomposes the compounds and reduces the ore aluminium oxide aluminium +oxygen

  11. Extraction in terms of the Reactivity Series • Metals higher than carbon are extracted using ? • Metals below carbon are extracted using? • Mercury and Silver

  12. questions sheet Answer question 1 ,2 ,3 on sheet Hand in exercise books at end of lesson !!

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