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The Carbon Farming Initiative and Agricultural Emissions

This presentation was prepared by the University of Melbourne for the Regional Landcare Facilitator training funded through the Australian Government’s Carbon Farming Initiative Communications Program. The Carbon Farming Initiative and Agricultural Emissions. PART 2: ANIMAL CARBON CYCLE.

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The Carbon Farming Initiative and Agricultural Emissions

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  1. This presentation was prepared by the University of Melbourne for the Regional Landcare Facilitator training funded through the Australian Government’s Carbon Farming Initiative Communications Program The Carbon Farming Initiative and Agricultural Emissions

  2. PART 2: ANIMAL CARBON CYCLE This presentation explains the carbon cycle in animal production systems and the various pools of carbon

  3. Grazing system carbon cycle • Content • The carbon cycle in animal production systems and the various pools of carbon • Fluxes between carbon pools • Some terms: • Hydrogen (H2), Carbon (C), Oxygen (O2), Nitrogen (N) • Methane (CH4), carbohydrate (CHO), carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), bicarbonate (HCO3) • Nitrate (NO3-), Nitrite (NO2-), Ammonia (NH3), Ammonium (NH4+), nitrous oxide (N2O)

  4. Grazing system carbon cycle • Atmosphere • Animal • Plant • Soil Eckard 2011

  5. Grazing system carbon cycle • Carbon into plants • Photosynthesis • CO2 + H2O + chlorophyll + solar energy -> CHO + O2 • Structural carbohydrate • Cellulose, hemi-cellulose, lignin • Non-structural carbohydrate • Sugars • Fats/ Lipids • Protein/amino acids • Carbon from plants • Respiration • Burning sugars - energy for growth • O2 + CHO -> H2O + CO2 + energy • Decay of plant residues • Mineralisation to CO2

  6. Grazing system carbon cycle

  7. Grazing system carbon cycle • Carbon into the animal • Structural carbohydrate • Cellulose, hemi-cellulose, lignin • Non-structural carbohydrate • Sugars • Fats/ Lipids • Protein/amino acids • Carbon from the animal • As above in products (meat, milk, fibre) • CH4 and CO2 – microbial digestion and respiration

  8. Grazing system carbon cycle Simple stomach The Rumen

  9. Grazing system carbon cycle • Fluxes between carbon pools • Into soil • Plant and animal residues • Microbes • From soil • Microbial decomposition • Organic Carbon to CO2 and CH4 Baldock 2009

  10. Grazing system carbon cycle Methane (CH4) Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Carbon dioxide (CO2) Photosynthesis Respiration CHO Mineralisation Nutrients Plant Residues Litter > 2mm POC (~labile) > 0.053 mm Decomposition Microbial Biomass Decay Humus (~stable) <0.053 mm In established pastures Photosynthesis ≈ Respiration + Mineralisation Photosynthesis ≠ Respiration + Mineralisation + Methane Baldocket al. 2009; Eckard, 2009

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