ART ELEMENTS and ART PRINCIPLES

1. ART ELEMENTS and ART PRINCIPLES

2. Part I: Art Elements

3. ??? Questions to Consider ??? Part I.: *What are the five major kinds of LINES ? *What are the two basic categories of SHAPE ?FORM? *How does SHAPE and FORM differ? *What are COLOR FAMILIES or GROUPS? *What are the three properties of COLOR? *What are the two kinds of TEXTURE? *What is VALUE? *How do artists show SPACE in their artworks?

4. Line Line is a point set into motion….a dot moving through space. There are five basic kinds of lines.These include: Horizontal= Vertical = Diagonal = Zigzag = Curved =

5. When used in an artwork LINES can relate Feelings………… VERTICAL LINES show dignity , strength , and formality HORIZONTAL LINES feel calm, relaxed, and comfortable. DIAGONAL LINES show action and excitement! They can make us feel tense and uncomfortable! ZIGZAG LINES can suggest action, nervous excitement, and confusion. CURVED LINES express graceful, flowing movement.

6. Grant Wood Salvador Dali Georgia O'Keefe Piet Mondrian Viewing the above artworks, you can see how artists incorporate lines into their art.

7. Shape Shape is the areaset off by one or more of the art elements. Shapes can be classified two ways: *Geometric shapes = precise shapes such as the circle , triangle rectangle oval and square. *Organic shapes = these shapes are not regular or even…and are Often found in nature.

8. In Georgia O’Keeffe’s and Piet Mondrian’s works we can see the two basic kinds of shapes.

9. Form Form is an object with three dimensions. In drawing, it is creating the illusion of three-dimensional space on a two-dimensional surface. width depth Two-dimensional Three-dimensional length

10. We can see in the following works how the artists relate FORM: Michelangelo Cassatt Dali vanGogh Dali

11. Color

12. The Basic Color Wheel Primary Colors Secondary Colors Intermediate Color

13. Primary Colors • Primary colors are the original colors. These cannot be made by mixing any other colors. • They are the building block colors from which all other colors originate. • The three primary colors are: Red Yellow Blue

14. Artists’ Use of Primary Color Auguste Renoir Edward Hopper Piet Mondrian

15. SecondaryColors Secondary Colors are colors created by mixing equalamounts primary of twocolors. For example: Red+Yellow =Orange Yellow + Blue=Green Blue +Red =Violet

16. Use of Secondary Color Auguste Renoir Vincent van Gogh

17. IntermediateColors Intermediate colors (also known as tertiarycolors) are colors created by mixing a primary color with its neighboringsecondary color. For example: PrimaryRed + SecondaryOrange =Red Orange /Orange Red PrimaryBlue + SecondaryViolet = Blue Violet / Violet Blue PrimaryYellow + SecondaryGreen =Green Yellow /Yellow Green

18. Intermediate Colors Intermediate Color Secondary Color Primary Color Secondary Color Intermediate Color

19. Warm Colors Warm Colors are in one of the two groups of which colors are often divided. The three main warm colors are: RedOrangeYellow Warm colors suggest energy, action, and normally optically advance!

20. Use of Warm Colors Cezanne Rothko Munch Van Gogh

21. Cool Colors Cool Colors are in one of the two groups of which colors are often divided. The three main cool colors are: Blue GreenViolet Cool colors suggest calmness and peacefulness. Optically, they tend to recede.

22. Artists Use of Cool Colors Georges Seurat Henri Matisse Mary Cassatt Claude Monet Vincent van Gogh Vincent van Gogh

23. Analogous Colors Analogous Colors are colors neighboring on the color wheel having a common “hue”. Examples would be: Red Red Violet Violet Red Violet Violet Blue Blue Violet Blue Blue Green Green Blue Green Green yellow Yellow Green Yellow Yellow Orange Orange Yellow Orange Orange Red Red Orange

24. Analogous Colors

25. Color Shades The SHADE of a color is changed by adding black.

26. Color Tints Color Tints are changed by adding white. The exception to this would be by watercolorists -who add water.

27. Texture Texture is how something feels or looks like it feels.We experience texture through our senses of sight and touch There are three basic kinds of textures. These are: *Natural or actual… Is what you experience when you actually touch an object. Porcupines would be sharp..feathers could be soft. *Artificial = Man-made …like rope, yarn, netting *Simulated = Man-made to look like it has a texture.

28. In these works, we can see how the artist relates Textures…. Claude Monet Vincent van Gogh Vincent van Gogh

29. Value Value is the lightness or darkness of a hue. To change the value of a color You add white (or water in watercolors) to change its TINT and black to change its shade. Monochromatic means one color. Value Value Value

30. Space Space is the distance or area between, around, below, and within things. *There are two basic kinds of Space : positive and negative. Positive space is the object itself; Negative space is the area in and around the object. negative positive negative

31. Look at these images by Mary Cassatt and distinguish between the positive space and the negativespace.

32. Space…………………… Artists use various technique to give the illusion of DEPTH in their works of art. Some of these include : 1.= Overlapping 2.= Size 3.= Focus 4.= Placement 5.= Intensity and Value 6.= Linear Perspective

33. Space…………… 1.OVERLAPPING is when the artist has one shape in front of the other. In this image by Mary Cassatt, the girl in the foreground is “overlapping” the girl looking through the binoculars.

34. SPACE……………………………… SIZE = is making distant shapes smaller than closer ones. Monet’s boats in the background are smaller than the ones in the foreground

35. FOCUS = Artists add more detail to objects in the foreground, less detail to objects in the background. Vincent van Gogh’s Irises are more distinct in the foreground than the background.

36. Space………………….. PLACEMENT: Artists also show space by placingdistant objects Higher up on the picture (background) and closer ones lower down on the picture ( middle ground and foreground). Background Middle ground Foreground We also must take into consideration that WARMcolors ADVANCE While COOLcolorsRECEDE.

37. SPACE….. In this image by John Constable, we can see that objects farther away appear higher than those closer to us.

38. Space……………. Intensity and Value: Artists often used colors lower in intensity and lighter in value for objects in the distance. In this artwork by Monet, we can see how the color becomes less intense and lighter in value.

39. Space………… Linear Perspective = An artist uses slanted lines on buildings and other objects so that they appear to come together in the distance. We can see in the following works how linear perspective draws The viewer into the artwork. Claude Monet Vincent van Gogh Vincent van Gogh Claude Monet

40. Part II: Art Principles

41. Part II. ??? Questions to Consider ??? What are PRINCIPLES OF ART? *What does using EMPHASIS enable the artist to do? *What is PATTERN / REPETITION and what two ways do artists use it in their artworks? *What are the three basic kinds of BALANCE? *What is CONTRAST and how do artists use this in their works of art? *What is RHYTHM and how is it similar to Repetition? *Why is PROPORTION in an artwork important? *How is MOVEMENT like a tour guide?

42. The Principles of Art are basically rules or guidelines that govern the way in which the Art Elements go together. These include: *EMPHASIS *PATTERN *BALANCE *CONTRAST *REPETITION *RHYTHM *PROPORTION *MOVEMENT

43. Emphasis EMPHASIS is used by an artist to make an element or object stand out in a work of art. EMPHASIS is used by the artist to control What part of the artwork the viewer sees most or most often. EMPHASISis also used by the artist to control how long a viewer spends looking at each of the different parts.

44. Emphasis: To make an element or object in a work of art stand Out…..artists use emphasis. Emphasis = Emphasis of size Van Gogh Emphasis = Emphasis of color Salvador Dali Emphasis of line Grant Wood

45. Pattern Pattern / Repetition/Rhythm is the repeating of shapes, lines, color, or other art elements in planned or random order to create interest or make the artwork more exciting. Vincent van Gogh Mary Cassatt Andy Warhol

46. Balance BALANCE in an artwork, it the arrangement of art elements so that no one part of a work overpowers, or seems heavier than, any other part. There are three basic types of balance.These are: *Symmetrical or Formal Balance *Asymmetrical or Informal Balance *Radial Balance

47. Symmetrical or Formal Balanceis created when one half of a work of art mirrors the other half.. Symmetrical or Formal Balance is predictable, thus, sometimes less interesting. Leonardo da Vinci Claude Monet Georgia O’Keeffe

48. Asymmetrical or Informal Balance is evident when two unlike objects appear to have equal weight. When used skillfully, it can create more interesting compositions. Vincent van Gogh Mary Cassatt

49. Radial Balance in an artwork occurs when the elements or objects are positioned around a central point.

50. Contrast CONTRAST in an artwork is created-when the artist makes a difference in value, color,texture,shape,line,form,or space. Color Contrast by Monet Texture Contrast by OKeeffe Value Contrast by Durer