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Energy and Life

Energy and Life. Energy. Energy is the ability to do work!! Energy in Biology… Autotrophs – make their own food (plants) Heterotrophs – obtain energy from foods they consume. (animals). Chemical Energy - ATP.

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Energy and Life

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  1. Energy and Life

  2. Energy • Energy is the ability to do work!! • Energy in Biology… • Autotrophs – make their own food (plants) • Heterotrophs – obtain energy from foods they consume. (animals)

  3. Chemical Energy - ATP • Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) – chemical compound that cells use to store and release energy. • Adenine • 5 carbon sugar called ribose • 3 phosphate groups

  4. Storing Energy – ATP vs ADP • ATP • Three phosphate groups • 3rd phosphate is stored energy (charged battery) • ADP • 2 phosphate groups • Can be made into ATP by adding a phosphate group

  5. Releasing Energy • To release energy, the last chemical bond between phosphate are broken. • This energy is used for many things… • Material crossing the cell membrane • Protein synthesis • Muscle contraction

  6. Chemical Energy and Food • Calorie – the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree celcius. • Food labels = kilocalorie (1,000 calories)

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