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Allergy and Hypersensitivity

Allergy and Hypersensitivity. Type I hypersensitivity: anaphylactic and atopic (Allergy). Allergens are small Ags, usually inocuous TH2 response intitiated B cells produced IgE IgE binds mast cells, basophils, eosinophils. Genetics factors and Allergies Cytokines and their receptors

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Allergy and Hypersensitivity

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  1. Allergy and Hypersensitivity

  2. Type I hypersensitivity: anaphylactic and atopic(Allergy) Allergens are small Ags, usually inocuous TH2 response intitiated B cells produced IgE IgE binds mast cells, basophils, eosinophils

  3. Genetics factors and Allergies • Cytokines and their receptors • MHC II genes • Other polymorphisms

  4. Increase in Atopic Allergy • Environmental factors • Exposure to pathogens in childhood • Measles, HepA, tuberculosis exposure beneficial? • Environmental pollution • Eg. Children in Hale, East Germany • Allergen levels • No evidence of rise • Dietary changes • No evidence of effect

  5. Mast Cell mediators

  6. Eosinophil mediators

  7. House Dust Mite Ag

  8. Type II hypersensitivity:cytotoxic • Cell-reactive antibodies • Cross-reactivity • Cell surface adhesion of foreign antigen…cell destruction • Complement and phagocytosis activated • Red blood cells and platelets most common target

  9. Type III hypersensitivity:immune complex

  10. Type IV hypersensitivity:delayed or cell-mediated

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