Types of Reactions and Reaction Rates

1. Types of Reactions and Reaction Rates

2. Types of Reactions • There are 6 types of chemical reactions. For this class we will discuss 4 of them. • All chemical reactions have the potential to be exothermic or endothermic. • Exothermic reaction= A chemical reaction that produces/releases heat. • An exothermic reaction transfers energy from the reactants to the surroundings.

3. Endothermic reaction= A chemical reaction that absorbs heat. • An endothermic reaction transfers energy from the surroundings into the reactants.

4. 1) Synthesis reaction= Two or more simple compounds combine to form a more complex one. A + B  AB • 2) Decomposition reaction= A complex compound breaks down to make simpler ones. AB  A + B • 3) Single displacement reaction= This is when one element trades places with another in a compound. A + BC  AC + B

5. 4) Acid & Base reactions= This is a special type of double displacement reaction that occurs when an acid and a base react with each other. Most times this results in water and salt being produced. Acid + Base  Water + Salt

6. Reaction Rates • Chemical reactions occur at different rates. These rates tell how fast the chemical reaction is taking place. • Reaction rates are important in industry because the faster the product can be made, the less it usually costs. • 3 things affect reaction rates: temperature, concentration and catalysts.

7. Generally the higher the temperature the faster the reaction rate. • Generally the more concentration of substance the faster the reaction rate. • Addition of a catalyst will always speed up a reaction.