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Linux Network Server Group: Nagios

Linux Network Server Group: Nagios. Marc Bechtel Sebastian Blümel Alexandre Quignon. Table of Contents. Overview Requirements (MYSQL, APACHE, CONFIGS…) A short introduction to Nagios Nagios-Configuration with Fruity Installation and Configuration Problems Nagios in Action

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Linux Network Server Group: Nagios

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  1. Linux Network ServerGroup: Nagios Marc Bechtel Sebastian Blümel Alexandre Quignon M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  2. Table of Contents • Overview • Requirements (MYSQL, APACHE, CONFIGS…) • A short introduction to Nagios • Nagios-Configuration with Fruity • Installation and Configuration Problems • Nagios in Action • Nagios with SNMP and Cisco M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  3. Requirements • YUM-Installation Manager • MySQL 5.0.4-5 • Apache 2.0.52-28 • PHP 5.0.4-5 • Postfix 2.2.2.10-1 • Self installed • Nagios 2.5 • Fruity 1 RC 1 ./chkconfig --add httpd ./chkconfig --level 235 httpd on ./chkconfig –add mysql ./chkconfig --level 235 mysql on ./chkconfig –add nagios ./chkconfig --level 235 nagios on 6 different runlevels 0 - Halt the system 1 - Single-user mode 2 - Multi-user mode (without NFS) 3 - Multi-user mode 5 - Multi-user mode, graphical login 6 - Reboot the system M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  4. Table of Contents • Overview • Requirements (MYSQL, APACHE, CONFIGS…) • A short introduction to Nagios • Nagios-Configuration with Fruity • Installation and Configuration Problems • Nagios in Action • Nagios with SNMP and Cisco M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  5. What is Nagios? • Nagios is System and network monitoring application • Developed by Ethan Galstad • Formerly know as Netsaint (2002) • Nagios is open source Software (General Public License) • current verion is 2.5 • „Nagios is quite powerful and flexible, but unfortunately its not very friendly to newbies. Why? Because it takes a lot of work to get it installed and configured properly. That being said, if you stick with it and manage to get it up and running, you’ll never want to be without it. :-)“ M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  6. Monitoring of… • Nagios can supervise: • Hosts(Windows, Linux, …) and host resources (Disk Usage, Load) • Services (FTP, Mail, HTTP, …) • SNMP Traps • other hardware devices (like temperature sensors,filling level indicator,…) • In case of emergency send notifications: • email, pager, SMS • any user-defined method through plug-in system M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  7. Plug-in concept • How is this achieved? • build in check services (DNS, SNMP, SMTP, ICMP,…) • by simple plug-in design that allows users to easily develop their own service checks • Upside: You can monitor just about anything you can think of! • Downside: Nagios cannot produce graphs of collected data because it has no further information about what you are monitoring! M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  8. Configuring Nagios • As all Linux Software Nagios heavily relies on config files! • We will have a (short) look at: • httpd.conf • nagios.cfg • hosts.cfg & hostgroup.cfg • contacts.cfg & contactsgroup.cfg • services.cfg and commands.cfg • Do I have to configure all by hand? M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  9. Configuration-Files M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  10. ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin /usr/local/nagios/sbin <Directory "/usr/local/nagios/sbin"> Options ExecCgi AllowOverride AuthConfig Order allow, deny Allow from all </Directory> Alias /nagios /usr/local/nagios/share <Directory "/usr/local/nagios/share"> Options ExecCgi AllowOverride AuthConfig Order allow, deny Allow from all </Directory> Configure Script Alias For The CGIs: default installation expects to find them accessible at http://yourmachine/nagios/cgi-bin/ Configure Alias For The HTML Files: to make the HTML files accessible via the web server http://192.168.10.4/nagios Apache: httpd.conf M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  11. Main Configuration File: nagios.cfg • Location: /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg • Refers to all other config files • First file read by the Nagios process • Extract: log_file=/var/log/nagios/nagios.log cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/hosts.cfg cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/commands.cfg M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  12. define host { host_name FTP alias FTP Server address 192.168.10.21 check_command Ping check_period 24x7 contact_groups LNS } define hostgroup{ hostgroup_name AllServers alias all Server members FTP } Description: A host definition is used to define a physical server, workstation, device, etc. that resides on your network. Description: A host group definition is used to group one or more hosts together for display purposes in the CGIs. host.cfg and hostgroup.cfg M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  13. define contactgroup{ contactgroup_name LNS alias ThisIsATestGroup members Marc } define contact{ contact_name Marc alias Marc Bechtel host_notification_period 24x7 host_notification_commands send_notification_mail_host email marcbechtel@gmail.com } Description: A contact group definition is used to group one or more contacts together for the purpose of sending out alert/recovery notifications. Description:A contact definition is used to identify someone who should be contacted in the event of a problem on your network. contactgroups.cfg and contacts.cfg M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  14. Configuration-Files M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  15. define service { service_description Ping check_command Ping max_check_attempts 2 contact_groups LNS } define command{ command_name Ping command_line /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_icmp $HOSTADDRESS$ -c 500,10% } Description:A service definition is used to identify a "service" that runs on a host. Description:How to perform a service check. services.cfg and commands.cfg M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  16. Verifying Your Nagios Configuration: • Pre-Flight Check with the –v option/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v <main_config_file> • Nagios verifies that you have defined the necessary data relationships for monitoring. • 1. Verify that all contacts are a member of at least one contact group. • 2. Verify that all contacts specified in each contact group are valid. • 3. Verify that all hosts are a member of at least one host group. • 4. Verify that all hosts specified in each host group are valid. • 5. Verify that all hosts have at least one service associated with them. • … M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  17. Table of Contents • Overview • Requirements (MYSQL, APACHE, CONFIGS…) • A short introduction to Nagios • Nagios-Configuration with Fruity • Installation and Configuration Problems • Nagios in Action • Nagios with SNMP and Cisco M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  18. Fruity • What is Fruity? • PHP based web-frontend • Open Source project • Why are we using Fruity? • Simplicity • Easy to make changes • No manual *.cfg file handling • Demonstation of Fruity M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  19. Table of Contents • Overview • Requirements (MYSQL, APACHE, CONFIGS…) • A short introduction to Nagios • Nagios-Configuration with Fruity • Installation and Configuration Problems • Nagios in Action • Nagios with SNMP and Cisco M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  20. Fruity Configuration Problems • SELinux blocking write access for Fruity • File missing: • /usr/local/nagios/objectconf/oconf.cfg • Two processes at shutdown M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  21. Table of Contents • Overview • Requirements (MYSQL, APACHE, CONFIGS…) • A short introduction to Nagios • Nagios-Configuration with Fruity • Installation and Configuration Problems • Nagios in Action • Nagios with SNMP and Cisco M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  22. Monitoring • What is offered by Nagios ? • Host Monitoring • Service Monitoring • Status Map • 3D Map M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  23. Reporting • Nagios Standard • Trends • Availability • Alert Diagrams • Notification / Event Log • PNP • Performance Diagrams M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  24. Notification Miranda Mailbox Root Mail command M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  25. Table of Contents • Overview • Requirements (MYSQL, APACHE, CONFIGS…) • A short introduction to Nagios • Nagios-Configuration with Fruity • Installation and Configuration Problems • Nagios in Action • Nagios with SNMP and Cisco M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  26. What’s a MIB • Used to manage devices in a Network • Hierarchical database • All objects are addressed through a OID (Object Identifier) • Is used by SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) • There are Standard and Enterprise MIBs • IF-MIB: RFC 2863 • IP-MIB: RFC 4293 • CISCO-PRODUCTS-MIB: www.cisco.com M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  27. Cisco Catalyst 2950 SNMP Check • MIB-II: RFC 1213 • OID: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.8. <Interface Nr> • Values: 1, 2, 3 (up, down, testing) • Command: • check_snmp -H 192.168.10.150 -o 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.8.17 -C public -c 1:1 M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

  28. QUESTIONS M. Bechtel, S. Blümel, A. Quignon

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