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Emic and Etic Studies

Emic and Etic Studies. Culturally Specific and Cross-Cultural Studies. Etic Approach. An attempt to study universal human behaviour by conducting cross cultural studies: Examples: Bond and Smith meta-analysis of conformity WHO study on depression. Emic Approach.

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Emic and Etic Studies

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  1. Emic and Etic Studies Culturally Specific and Cross-Cultural Studies

  2. Etic Approach • An attempt to study universal human behaviour by conducting cross cultural studies: • Examples: • Bond and Smith meta-analysis of conformity • WHO study on depression

  3. Emic Approach • An attempt to study culturally specific phenomena (behaviour relevant to one culture) • Examples: • Hopi (Native American) Depression • Papua New Guinea

  4. Etic: WHO Study of Depression • How is it an example of an etic approach? • Compares across different cultures • Who was involved? • Switzerland; Japan; Canada; Iran • What were the four culturally similar symptoms? • Sadness; joylessness; anxiety; sense of insufficiency • What were the culturally specific symptoms? • Chinese participants more somatic symptoms; • 40% displayed symptoms not in the diagnostic scheme used (thus; culture plays a role in the expression of depression symptoms)

  5. Emic: Native American Depression • What were the five illness categories of depression for the Hopi people? • Worry sickness; unhappiness; heartbroken; drunken-like craziness; disappointment • What was one culturally specific behaviour discovered in this study? • The patterns of symptoms for being “heartbroken” were different to unlike Western cultures

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