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The En LIGHT enment

The En LIGHT enment. Chapter 6.1 & 6.2. In the Dark . Before the Enlightenment, Europe was “in the dark” Few questioned the teachings of the church “Common sense” ruled . The Scientific Revolution . ~1550s: scholars begin to question accepted beliefs Muslim texts translated

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The En LIGHT enment

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  1. The EnLIGHTenment Chapter 6.1 & 6.2

  2. In the Dark • Before the Enlightenment, Europe was “in the dark” • Few questioned the teachings of the church • “Common sense” ruled

  3. The Scientific Revolution • ~1550s: scholars begin to question accepted beliefs • Muslim texts translated • Math rules! • Printing press invented – spreads ideas

  4. Scientific Method • Rather than using “Common sense,” scholars use a logical way to GATHER and TEST data

  5. Sci. Revolution Thinkers • Copernicus/Galileo: the earth is not the center of the universe • Newton: gravity – “everything in the universe is affected by the same force”

  6. The Enlightenment • “The Age of Reason” • Apply reason to ALL aspects of society

  7. Views on Government Hobbes Locke People are naturally reasonable; can learn to govern selves People are naturally selfish & wicked; need a strong ruler

  8. Hobbes Locke All people are free and have 3 natural rights…. Social contract: give up some rights to gain safety & security

  9. LIFE, LIBERTY, and the pursui… PROPERTY! Locke’s Three Natural Rights: Life Liberty Property …if the government can’t protect these rights, overthrow the government Locke

  10. Montesquieu • The power of one branch of government should be to “check” the other branches of government • Checks and balances

  11. Rousseau • Monarchs and “regular” folks should all follow the same rules • Civilization corrupts people’s natural goodness • Inspired French Revolution

  12. Beccaria • Justice is supposed to keep order • No torture of witnesses & suspects, cruel/unusual/excessive punishment, capital punishment • Trials should be speedy & procedural

  13. Women’s Roles • Mary Wollstonecraft = women should be educated, participate in politics • “If all men are born free, how is it that all women are born slaves?” –Mary Astell

  14. Most Likely to…

  15. Comic Strip – Living through it

  16. Hobbes Locke Voltaire Montesquieu Rousseau Beccaria Wollstonecraft Honorable mention: Copernicus, Galileo, Newton, The Church/Pope

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