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Exodus 1-18

Pentateuch. Exodus 1-18. © John Stevenson, 2012. Exoduj. Greek Name:. ( Exodus ). Name of the Book. Hebrew Name:. tAmv. hL,aew>. ( weEleh Shemoth ) “And these are the names.”.

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Exodus 1-18

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  1. Pentateuch Exodus 1-18 © John Stevenson, 2012

  2. Exoduj • Greek Name: (Exodus) Name of the Book • Hebrew Name: tAmv. hL,aew> (weEleh Shemoth) “And these are the names.” And behold, two men were talking with Him; and they were Moses and Elijah, 31 who, appearing in glory, were speaking of His departure which He was about to accomplish at Jerusalem. (Luke 9:30-31)

  3. The Theme of Exodus Redemption

  4. The Exodus was the redemptive event of the Old Testament Old Testament THE EXODUS New Testament THE CROSS

  5. Outline of Exodus Chapters 1-15 Chapters 16-24 Chapters 25-40 Giving of the Law The Tabernacle Departure from Egypt Israelites in Egypt Israelites at Mount Sinai Ten Plagues Ten Commands Ten Items

  6. God meets Moses; Israel exits from Egypt (1-13) Tabernacle built; God enters (35-40) Israel rebels (14-18) Israel rebels (32-34) Covenant Laws & Commands (19-24) Commands for building Tabernacle (25-31)

  7. Purposes of the Book • To Fulfill the Covenant Promise to Abraham • Authenticate the Ministry of Moses • Give the Spiritual Heritage of Israel • Instruct in Worship and Obedience

  8. Now these things happened to them as an example, and they were written for our instruction, upon whom the ends of the ages have come. (1 Corinthians 10:11) For whatever was written in earlier times was written for our instruction, so that through perseverance and the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope. (Romans 15:4)

  9. The Date of the Exodus • The Early Date: 1446 B.C. • The Late Date: 1270 B.C.

  10. Now it came about in the four hundred and eightieth year after the sons of Israel came out of the land of Egypt, in the fourth year of Solomon's reign over Israel, in the month of Ziv which is the second month, that he began to build the house of the LORD. (1 Kings 6:1) Exodus Event Building of the Temple 480 Years (1446 B.C.) (966 B.C.)

  11. The Late Date(13th Century) The Early Date(15th Century) Pharaoh Rameses II of the 19th Dynasty 1 Kings 6:1 tells us it was 480 years from the Exodus to the building of Solomon’s Temple The 480 years made up of 12 generations (12x40=480) but really each generation was shorter in duration Pharaoh Amenhotep II of the 18th Dynasty Reference to Rameses can be understood as a later “update” Genesis 47:11 makes reference to the “land of Rameses”

  12. Exodus 1:1-5 Now these are the names of the sons of Israel who came to Egypt with Jacob; they came each one with his household: 2 Reuben, Simeon, Levi and Judah; 3 Issachar, Zebulun and Benjamin; 4 Dan and Naphtali, Gad and Asher. 5 All the persons who came from the loins of Jacob were seventy in number, but Joseph was already in Egypt.

  13. Deuteronomy 32:7 Remember the days of old, Consider the years of all generations. Ask your father, and he will inform you, Your elders, and they will tell you.

  14. Deuteronomy 32:8-9 When the Most High gave the nations their inheritance, When He separated the sons of man, He set the boundaries of the peoples According to the number of the sons of Israel. 9 For the LORD’S portion is His people; Jacob is the allotment of His inheritance.

  15. Exodus 1:6-7 Joseph died, and all his brothers and all that generation. 7 But the sons of Israel were fruitful and increased greatly, and multiplied, and became exceedingly mighty, so that the land was filled with them.

  16. Exodus 1:8-10 Now a new king arose over Egypt, who did not know Joseph. 9 He said to his people, “Behold, the people of the sons of Israel are more and mightier than we. 10 Come, let us deal wisely with them, or else they will multiply and in the event of war, they will also join themselves to those who hate us, and fight against us and depart from the land.”

  17. Asiatic Rulers Hyksos • Entered Egypt during the 2nd Intermediate Period • Ruled over Lower Egypt • Expelled by 18th Dynasty

  18. Exodus 1:11 So they appointed taskmasters over them to afflict them with hard labor. And they built for Pharaoh storage cities, Pithom and Raamses. Raamses Pithom

  19. Exodus 1:12-14 But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and the more they spread out, so that they were in dread of the sons of Israel. 13 The Egyptians compelled the sons of Israel to labor rigorously; 14 and they made their lives bitter with hard labor in mortar and bricks and at all kinds of labor in the field, all their labors which they rigorously imposed on them.

  20. Suspicions against Israelites • Foreigners • Shepherds • Goshen • Religious differences

  21. Exodus 1:22 Then Pharaoh commanded all his people, saying, “Every son who is born you are to cast into the Nile, and every daughter you are to keep alive.”

  22. Exodus 2:1-2 Now a man from the house of Levi went and married a daughter of Levi. 2 The woman conceived and bore a son; and when she saw that he was beautiful, she hid him for three months. bAj

  23. Exodus 2:3-4 But when she could hide him no longer, she got him a wicker basket and covered it over with tar and pitch. Then she put the child into it and set it among the reeds by the bank of the Nile. 4 His sister stood at a distance to find out what would happen to him. • They save lives tb;Teä • They are meant to float • They are covered with pitch

  24. Other Phrases Reminiscent of the opening chapters of Genesis • She saw that he was good (Exodus 2:2). • God saw that it was good (seen all throughout Genesis 1). • They multiplied and the land was filled with them (Exodus 1:7). • Multiply and fill the earth (Genesis 1:28).

  25. Noah Moses His mother gets a basket (tb;Teä) Ordered to build an ark (tb;Teä) It will protect Noah and his family and the animals from the destruction of the flood. It will protect Moses from the destruction mandated by the pharaoh's orders. Moses is delivered from the waters of the Nile. Noah is delivered from the waters of the flood.

  26. SavingCharacters in Exodus 1-2 • Sister • Mother • Midwives • Pharaoh’ Daughter • Maiden who fetches the Basket

  27. SavingCharacters in Exodus 1-2 What is the point of this emphasis on the roles of the various women in this narrative?

  28. Egypt Sinai Midian

  29. What is the significance of the burning bush?

  30. Genesis 3 Exodus 3 The bush of the presence of God The Tree of Life Guarded by a cherub with a flaming sword Angel of the Lord appeared in a blazing fire The man and the woman were cast out of the garden because of their sin Moses is warned against drawing near and told to remove his sandals

  31. Moses in the Presence of God • The Burning Bush • A Plan to Deliver the Israelites • A Commission to Moses

  32. Moses’ Excuse God’s Answer God’s Sign I will be with you You shall worship God at this mountain I am not qualified I don’t know enough; I don’t even know your name I am that I am

  33. Then Moses said to God, “Behold, I am going to the sons of Israel, and I will say to them, ‘The God of your fathers has sent me to you’” (3:14). “Now they may say to me, ‘What is His name?’” (3:14). “What shall I say to them?” (3:14). And God said to Moses… “I AM WHO I AM” And He said… “Thus you shall say to the sons of Israel…” (3:14) “I AM has sent me to you” (3:14). God, furthermore, said to Moses, “Thus you shall say to the sons of Israel, ‘The LORD, the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, has sent me to you.’ This is My name forever, and this is My memorial-name to all generations” (3:15)

  34. Moses’ Excuse God’s Answer God’s Sign I will be with you You shall worship God at this mountain I am not qualified I don’t know enough; I don’t even know your name I am that I am You will plunder the Egyptians Throw down your rod The witness of the signs They will not believe me Who made men’s mouths? I am not eloquent I will be your mouth Send someone else Aaron will go with you He is coming to meet you

  35. Exodus 5:1 And afterward Moses and Aaron came and said to Pharaoh, “Thus says the LORD, the God of Israel, ‘Let My people go that they may celebrate a feast to Me in the wilderness.’”

  36. Exodus 5:2-3 2 But Pharaoh said, “Who is the LORD that I should obey His voice to let Israel go? I do not know the LORD, and besides, I will not let Israel go.” 3 Then they said, “The God of the Hebrews has met with us. Please, let us go a three days' journey into the wilderness that we may sacrifice to the LORD our God, otherwise He will fall upon us with pestilence or with the sword.”

  37. Exodus 5:4-5 But the king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why do you draw the people away from their work? Get back to your labors!” 5 Again Pharaoh said, “Look, the people of the land are now many, and you would have them cease from their labors!”

  38. When things go from bad to worse… • God is still in control • Things are taking place according to His plan • There is a reason for the detour

  39. Exodus 6:1-3 Then the LORD said to Moses, “Now you shall see what I will do to Pharaoh; for under compulsion he will let them go, and under compulsion he will drive them out of his land.” 2 God spoke further to Moses and said to him, “I am the LORD; 3 and I appeared to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, as God Almighty, but by My name, LORD, I did not make Myself known to them.” hq'z"x] dy"Üb. Literally, “with a mighty hand”

  40. Exodus 7:1 Then the LORD said to Moses, “See, I make you as God to Pharaoh, and your brother Aaron shall be your prophet.”

  41. Exodus 7:2-3 “You shall speak all that I command you, and your brother Aaron shall speak to Pharaoh that he let the sons of Israel go out of his land. 3 But I will harden Pharaoh's heart that I may multiply My signs and My wonders in the land of Egypt.

  42. Exodus 7:4-5 I am the LORD, when I stretch out My hand on Egypt and bring out the sons of Israel from their midst.” “When Pharaoh does not listen to you, then I will lay My hand on Egypt and bring out My hosts, My people the sons of Israel, from the land of Egypt by great judgments. 5 The Egyptians shall know that

  43. The Hardening of Pharaoh’s heart God: “I will harden Pharaoh’s heart.” Exodus 4:21; 7:3; 14:4; 14:17 Exodus 7:13; 7:22; 8:19; 9:7; 9:35 Pharaoh’s heart was hardened Pharaoh hardened his heart Exodus 8:15; 8:32; 9:34 The Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart Exodus 9:12; 10:20; 10:27; 11:10; 14:8 Exodus 10:1 God: “I have hardened Pharaoh’s heart.”

  44. Plagues Extent Extent 1 Nile into Blood Fall upon everyone in Egypt Loathsome 2 Frogs 3 Lice Fall only upon the Egyptians Painful 4 Insects 5 Cattle 6 Boils Destructive beyond anything previously known 7 Hail 8 Locusts 9 Darkness 10 Death of Firstborn

  45. The First Plague The Nile turned to Blood • The Centrality of the Nile • The Magicians (7:22) • A Lifeline of Blood

  46. The Second Plague Frogs • A Picture of Multiplication • A Picture of Uncleanliness • The Repetition of the Magicians

  47. The Third Plague Gnats • A Picture of Multiplication • The Failure of the Magicians The magicians tried with their secret arts to bring forth gnats, but they could not; so there were gnats on man and beast. (Exodus 8:18)

  48. Exodus 8:18-19 The magicians tried with their secret arts to bring forth gnats, but they could not; so there were gnats on man and beast. 19 Then the magicians said to Pharaoh, “This is the finger of God.” But Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he did not listen to them, as the LORD had said.

  49. The Fourth Plague Insects • Another Picture of Multiplication • A distinction between Goshen and Egypt But on that day I will set apart the land of Goshen, where My people are living, so that no swarms of insects will be there, in order that you may know that I, the LORD, am in the midst of the land. 23 I will put a division between My people and your people. Tomorrow this sign will occur. (Exodus 8:22-23)

  50. The Fifth Plague Cattle • Symbols of Deity • A Judgment against the Economy

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