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OPERATIONAL ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY MONITORING MISSIONS

OPERATIONAL ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY MONITORING MISSIONS. Composition of the Atmosphere: Progress to Applications in the user CommunITY (CAPACITY) ESA contract no. 17237/03/NL/GS 1/10/2003 – 2/6/2005 Hennie Kelder, Project Coordinator. Final presentation June 2, 2005. CAPACITY project.

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OPERATIONAL ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY MONITORING MISSIONS

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  1. OPERATIONAL ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY MONITORING MISSIONS Composition of the Atmosphere: Progress to Applications in the user CommunITY (CAPACITY) ESA contract no. 17237/03/NL/GS 1/10/2003 – 2/6/2005 Hennie Kelder, Project Coordinator Final presentation June 2, 2005

  2. CAPACITY project Goal: Definition of operational monitoring mission concepts for atmospheric composition Strategy: • Produce an inventory of user requirements for different applications • Develop and optimise a global monitoring system for atmospheric composition that integrates space and ground-based observations. Time frame The time frame for the system is 2010-2020, concurrent with the operational use of MetOp, NPOESS and geostationary platforms.

  3. Global Ozone Trend Monitoring Total ozone trend NIWA assimilated data set period Nov 1978 – Dec 2002, based on Bodeker et al., 2005

  4. GOME data Analysis 7-day forecast Forecasting of the ozone layer Eskes et al., 2004

  5. Monitoring: Air Quality (global)

  6. Monitoring: Air Quality (Europe)

  7. Climate Monitoring: CH4 Emissions IUP Heidelberg / KNMI, 2005

  8. CAPACITY: basis and challenges • Measuring the chemical composition of the global atmosphere from space is a recent development • The chemical composition of the stratosphere as well as the troposphere is amenable from space • These data are of importance both for scientific and operationaluse and for monitoring and forecasting. • Techniques are sufficiently mature to make transition from research missions to operational monitoring

  9. CAPACITY: basis and challenges Specific challenges to CAPACITY: • to make a precise inventory of the user/ data needs • to review the existing and planned Global Observing Systems for atmospheric composition • To identify the gaps to be filled and define the new system concepts required • To benefit from the international momentum for monitoring the atmospheric composition

  10. Study Objectives • To identify the user applications and quantify their requirements for the application areas Climate, Air Quality and Stratospheric Ozone / Surface UV • To derive the geophysical data requirements (satellite-borne, ground-based/in-situ and auxiliary data) per user application • To assess the contributions of existing and planned space missions and ground networks to the fulfilment of the data requirements • To identify new satellite components for integration into the operational observing system to meet user requirements • To define new mission concepts from GEO and LEO orbit perspectives • To evaluate critical space segment and ground segment issues

  11. CAPACITY: consortium Lead: KNMI Partners: RAL, Univ. Bremen, Univ. Leicester, EADS, Alcatel Consultants on User requirements: WMO, NILU, RIVM, JRC, TNO-FEL, Ademe, MPI Mainz, DLR,ETH, IUP Heidelberg, CNR-ISAC, Meteo France, DMI, Eurocontrol Consultants on Mission requirements: LSCE, UiO, USTL-LOA, CNRS-LISA, CNR-IFAC, IMK, SRON, CNRS-SA, Noveltis, BIRA, LSCE, CNRS-LPPM

  12. Overview of workpackages Task WP-leader User Requirements Albert Goede Data Requirements Michiel van Weele Existing/ Planned Systems Brian Kerridge New System Elements Paul Monks & John Remedios GEO Mission Concepts Heinrich Bovensmann LEO Mission Concepts Brian Kerridge Space segment issues Rolf Mager Ground segment issues Hugues Sassier Management Hennie Kelder & Michiel van Weele

  13. International Context (1) • GMES-Global Monitoring for Environment and Security Joint EC/ESA programme for a global observation system that produces easily accessible information responding to user needs • GEO International Global Earth Observation System • GEO Framework plan adopted at GEO-II Tokyo, April 2004 • Implementation plan endorsed GEO-III Brussels, 16 Feb 2005 • Relevant items : Air Quality, Surface UV, Climate Change • GEO meeting Geneva 3-4 May, User interface group air quality “pilot “project

  14. International Context (2) • IGACO (Integrated Global Atmospheric Chemistry Observations) Approved by IGOS-P on 27 May 2004 • Novel approach adopted in PROMOTE integrating space, ground and airborne data into models by data assimilation in order to produce information that cannot be obtained individually • EC FP 5,6 RTD projects form basis of PROMOTE RTD • CREATE/DAEDALUS, EVERGREEN, ASSET, GATO • GEMS, ACCENT • ESA DUP/DUE projects develop precursor systems • TEMIS, GLOBAER, DRAGON,… • EC FP7, GMES, GEOSS important themes for next decade

  15. International Context (3) GMES Space component: Sentinels Sentinel 4 and 5: Atmospheric chemistry • Sentinel 4 Geostationary atmospheric composition monitoring for pollution monitoring • Sentinel 5 Atmospheric Composition Sounding in Low-Earth Orbit • ESA/PB-EO May 2005 • Pre-phase A studies for Sentinels 4+5 in 2006

  16. Reference Documents • WG 1 to 5 reports User Consultation (January 2004) • IGOS-P IGACO Theme Report (May 2004) • WMO-GAW strategy for Integrating satellite and ground based • GMES GATO Strategy Report (March 2004) • GEO User Requirement and Outreach (April 2004) • EUMETSAT Observation Requirements Now casting and Very Short Range Forecasting 2015-2025 • EUMETSAT study on Geo Stationary Satellite Observations for Monitoring Atmospheric Composition 2015-2025 • GCOS Implementation Plan in support of UNFCCC (May2004) • ESA Kyoto study 15427/01/NL/MM • ACECHEM, GeoTROPE and TROC Earth Explorer proposals

  17. Summary • There is overwhelming evidence ,support and initatives for Earth System Monitoring and hence for continuation of atmospheric composition sounding from space, inclusive the troposphere, in an integrated approach • Nowadays mature techniques exist to make the move from research missions to an operational system for monitoring and operational applications • Three main missing space system elements have been identified in the existing and planned operational missions: • Geometrical: spatial sampling in nadir; limb view • Spectral: nadir view using short-wave infrared (SWIR) • Temporal: diurnal variations and afternoon observations

  18. Main Recommendations • To enhance observational capabilities in the 2010-2020 time period and afterwards for operational Air Quality applications in Geostationary Orbit (GEO) and Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) • A LEO mission with a UV-VIS-SWIR nadir viewing spectrometer with small ground pixel size and daily global coverage in an afternoon polar orbit • A GEO mission with a UV-VIS-SWIR spectrometer with small ground pixel size to cover diurnal variations in Air Quality • Taking into account maturity, cost and risk issues, it is recognised that a LEO mission could have a shorter lead time • Limb MIR and limb MM techniques are two available mature options for operational limb-sounders to satisfy user needs with respect to O3, H2O and other compounds • Combination of the Air Quality Mission with a Climate Protocol Monitoring Mission for emission monitoring of CH4, CO and aerosols by addition of SWIR channels

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