1 / 22

Skeletal System – Part 7

Skeletal System – Part 7. Bones of the Pelvic Girdle. Pelvic Girdle - Formed by two coxal bones , commonly called the hip bones . Bony Pelvis – Hip bones + coccyx + sacrum. Bones of the Pelvic Girdle. Large and heavy bones, and they are attached to the axial skeleton.

margaret-navarro
Download Presentation

Skeletal System – Part 7

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Skeletal System – Part 7

  2. Bones of the Pelvic Girdle • Pelvic Girdle- Formed by two coxal bones, commonly called the hip bones. • Bony Pelvis– Hip bones + coccyx + sacrum

  3. Bones of the Pelvic Girdle • Large and heavy bones, and they are attached to the axial skeleton. • The sockets, which receive the thigh bones, are deep and heavily reinforced by ligaments that attach the limbs firmly to the girdle.

  4. Bones of the Pelvic Girdle • Functions of the Girdle: • Bearing weight is the most important function. • Protect the reproductive organs, urinary bladder, and part of the large intestine.

  5. Structure of the Hip Bones • Each hip bone is formed by the fusion of three bones: • Ilium • Ischium • Pubis

  6. Ilium • Ilium – Large, flaring bone that forms most of the hip bone. • Connects posteriorly with the sacrum at the sacroiliac joint. • When you put your hands on your hips, they are resting over the winglike portion of the ilia. • Iliac Crest – The upper edge of the winglike portion of the ilium.

  7. Ischium and the Pubis • Ischium – “Sitdown bone”; Forms the the most inferior part of the coxal bone. • Pubis – Most anterior part of a coxal bone.

  8. Acetabulum • Acetabulum – Deep socket that receives the head of the thigh bone. • Formed by the fusion of the ilium, ischium, and pubis.

  9. Regions of the Bony Pelvis • False Pelvis– Superior to the true pelvis; The area medial to the flaring portions of the ilia. • True Pelvis- Surrounded by bone; Lies inferior to the flaring parts of the ilia and the pelvic brim. • Dimensions of the true pelvis of a woman are very important because they must be large enough to allow the infant’s head to pass during childbirth.

  10. Differences Between a Male and Female Pelvis • The pelvis of a female tends to be: • Inlet is larger and more circular. • As a whole is shallower, and the bones are lighter and thinner. • Ilia flare more laterally. • Sacrum is shorter and less curved. • Ischial spines are shorter and farther apart; thus the outlet is larger. • Pubic arch is more rounded because the angle of the pubic arch is greater.

  11. Bones of the Lower Limbs • The lower limbs carry our total body weight when we are erect. • Hence, it is not surprising that the bones of the lower limbs are much thicker and stronger than the comparable bones of the upper limb. • The 3 segments of the lower limbs: • Thigh • Leg • Foot

  12. Thigh • Femur – Thigh bone. • Only bone in the thigh. • The heaviest, strongest bone in the body. • It slants medially as it runs downward to join with the leg bones. • This brings the knees in line with the body’s center of gravity. • The medial course of the femur is more noticeable in females because of the wider female pelvis.

  13. Structure of the Femur Bone – Proximal End • Its proximal end has a: • Ball-like head • The head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone in a deep, secure socket. • A neck • Common site of fractures, especially in old age.

  14. Structure of the Femur Bone – Distal End • Anteriorly on the distal femur is the smooth patellar surface, which forms a joint with the patella (kneecap).

  15. Leg • Two bones form the skeleton of the leg: • Tibia • Fibula • The tibia and fibula are connected along their length by an interosseous membrane.

  16. Tibia and Fibula • Tibia – Shinbone; Larger and more medial. • At the proximal end, the tibia articulates with the distal end of the femur to form the knee joint.

  17. Tibia and Fibula • Fibula – Lies alongside the tibia; Thin and sticklike. • Forms joints with the tibia both proximally and distally. • Has no part in forming the knee joint. • The distal end of the fibula forms the outer part of the ankle.

  18. Foot • The foot is composed of the: • Tarsals • Metatarsals • Phalanges

  19. Foot • Two important functions of the foot: • Supports our body weight • Serves as a lever that allows us to propel our bodies forward when we walk or run.

  20. Foot: Tarsals • Tarsus – The posterior half of the foot. • Composed of 7 tarsal bones. • Body weight is mostly carried by the two largest tarsals: • Calcaneus - Heelbone • Talus – Tarsal that lies between the tibia and the calcaneus.

  21. Foot: Metatarsals and Phalanges • The sole of the foot: • Composed of 5 metatarsals. • The toes of the foot: • Composed of 14 phalanges. • Like the fingers of the hand, each toe has three phalanges, except the great toe which has two.

  22. Arches of the Foot • The bones in the foot are arranged to form three strong arches: • Two longitudinal (medial and lateral) • One Transverse • Ligaments (bind the foot bones together) and tendons: • Help to hold the bones firmly in the arched position but still allow a certain amount of give or springiness.

More Related