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POTENTIAL USE OF CENSUS DATA for GENERATING SDG INDICATORS United Nations Statistics Division

This article explores the potential use of census data for generating SDG indicators, focusing on the integration of economic, social, and environmental dimensions. It highlights the importance of data disaggregation by factors such as income, sex, age, race, ethnicity, migration status, and disability to ensure the inclusion of all population groups. The article also provides examples of possible indicators for goals related to poverty, health, education, and gender equality. The use of census data for monitoring SDG indicators is discussed, emphasizing its direct estimation capabilities, wide range of available topics, and reference population for special groups.

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POTENTIAL USE OF CENSUS DATA for GENERATING SDG INDICATORS United Nations Statistics Division

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  1. POTENTIAL USE OF CENSUS DATA for GENERATING SDG INDICATORS United Nations Statistics Division

  2. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development • Adopted in September 2015 at the UN Summit for Sustainable Development, as a new global development framework for the next 15 years (2015-2030)

  3. The 2030 Agenda: What are New? • The universal agenda, targeting both developing and developed world • Has at its core the integration of economic, social and environmental dimensions • The principle of “leave no one behind” • Inclusive society • Reduction of inequality • Ambitious 17 Goals + 169 Targets

  4. Global SDGs indicators framework • SDG Indicators for “follow up and review” of the 2030 Agenda • identified by the Inter-agency and Expert Group on Sustainable Development Goals Indicators (IAEG-SDGs ) • ‘Agreed’ by the Statistical Commission in March 2016, as a practical starting point • Revised at the Statistical Commission in March 2017 • Resolution submitted to ECOSOC in July 2017 • 17 Goals, 169 Targets to be assessed by 244 Indicators (232 unique indicators) • Indicators are for global reviews. Regional and national applications are expected

  5. Data Availability of Indicators • All indicators are classified by the IAEG-SDGs into three tiers: • Tier 1: Indicator is conceptually clear, has an internationally established methodology and standards are available, and data are regularly produced by countries for at least 50 per cent of countries and of the population in every region where the indicator is relevant • Tier 2: Indicator is conceptually clear, has an internationally established methodology and standards are available, but data are not regularly produced by countries • Tier 3:No internationally established methodology or standards are yet available for the indicator, but methodology/standards are being (or will be) developed or tested

  6. Distribution of Indicators

  7. Data disaggregation • SDG Indicators should be disaggregated, where relevant, by : • Income • Sex • Age • Race • Ethnicity • Migration status • Disability • Geographic location In order to present detailed information about the most vulnerable groups

  8. Data disaggregation by migration status • Recommendations of United Nations Expert Group Meeting on Improving Migration Data in the Context of the 2030 Agenda: • Countries are encouraged to collect the information on country of birth, country of citizenship and year/period of arrival, as recommended as core topics to be included in population censuses by the United Nations Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing Censuses

  9. Data disaggregation by migration status • Recommendations of United Nations Expert Group Meeting on Improving Migration Data in the Context of the 2030 Agenda: • For SDG indicators data disaggregation, the experts agreed on taking a step-wise approach in defining migratory status. As a first step, migratory status can be classified, • Native-born and foreign-born persons, • Citizens, non-citizens (including stateless persons) • Further disaggregate the data by country of birth of the parents, duration of stay in country, and reason for migration • Internal migrants and internally displaced persons could also be considered if countries are interested in population mobility within the country

  10. SDG Indicators for Global Monitoring 244 indicators* 1 24 indicators that require disaggregation by migration status Contextual 5 indicators concerning migrants * include 9 duplicates and 3 triplicates

  11. SDG Indicators for Global Monitoring 244 indicators* 43 indicators that are potential for disaggregation by disability status 12 indicators relevant to disability 11 Direct reference to disaggregation * Include 6 duplicates and 3 triplicates 232 indicators after excluding duplicates/triplicates

  12. Uses of census data for monitoring SDG Indicators • Direct estimation of some SDG indicators • Data available for a wide range of topics • Data disaggregation by age, sex, migration status, disability, geographic location, …. • Reference population for special population groups • A sample frame • Geospatial data analysis • ……

  13. Potential use of census data PHC can provide data for 10 out of 17 Goals

  14. Possible indicators-Goal 1. No poverty C. Core topic; A. Additional topic; D. Derived P. Population; H. Housing ; Possibility: V. Very likely, L. Likely, U. Unlikely

  15. Possible indicators-Goal 3. Good health/well-being C. Core topic; A. Additional topic; D. Derived P. Population; H. Housing ; Possibility: V. Very likely, L. Likely, U. Unlikely

  16. Possible indicators-Goal 4. Quality education C. Core topic; A. Additional topic; D. Derived P. Population; H. Housing ; Possibility: V. Very likely, L. Likely, U. Unlikely

  17. Possible indicators-Goal 5. Gender equality C. Core topic; A. Additional topic; D. Derived P. Population; H. Housing ; Possibility: V. Very likely, L. Likely, U. Unlikely

  18. Possible indicators-Goal 6. Clean water and sanitation C. Core topic; A. Additional topic; D. Derived P. Population; H. Housing ; Possibility: V. Very likely, L. Likely, U. Unlikely

  19. Possible indicators-Goal 7. Affordable and modern energy C. Core topic; A. Additional topic; D. Derived P. Population; H. Housing ; Possibility: V. Very likely, L. Likely, U. Unlikely

  20. Possible indicators-Goal 8. Decent work and economic growth C. Core topic; A. Additional topic; D. Derived P. Population; H. Housing ; Possibility: V. Very likely, L. Likely, U. Unlikely

  21. Possible indicators-Goal 9. Industry, innovation and infrastructure C. Core topic; A. Additional topic; D. Derived P. Population; H. Housing ; Possibility: V. Very likely, L. Likely, U. Unlikely

  22. Possible indicators-Goal 11. Sustainable cities C. Core topic; A. Additional topic; D. Derived P. Population; H. Housing ; Possibility: V. Very likely, L. Likely, U. Unlikely

  23. Possible indicators-Goal 17. Partnership for the goals C. Core topic; A. Additional topic; D. Derived P. Population; H. Housing ; Possibility: V. Very likely, L. Likely, U. Unlikely

  24. Discussion-Possible new topics

  25. Challenges or Opportunities ? SDG monitoring presents enormous challenges for national statistical systems: • to produce voluminous amount of data, regularly • to produce high-quality, timely, reliable data • to disaggregate many indicators • to refine statistical concept of some key issues • to explore new sources of information • to coordinate the statistical activities among various stakeholders

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