1 / 76

Chapter 13 & 15 Manifest Destiny

Chapter 13 & 15 Manifest Destiny. I. Between 1815 and 1860, over 5 million immigrants entered the U.S. Irish was largest group, Germans second. Immigrants brought hostility from native Americans – Nativism. Anti- Catholic Formed groups: Supreme Order of

margaritaj
Download Presentation

Chapter 13 & 15 Manifest Destiny

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 13 & 15 Manifest Destiny

  2. I. Between 1815 and 1860, over 5 million immigrants entered the U.S.

  3. Irish was largest group, Germans second.

  4. Immigrants brought hostility from • native Americans – Nativism

  5. Anti- Catholic • Formed groups: Supreme Order of • Star-Spangled Banner and Know • Nothing Party.

  6. Penny Papers

  7. American religion experienced dramatic • revival.

  8. The Second Great Awakening, begun • by KY farmers, urged people to recommit • Christ and God into their daily lives.

  9. 2. Charles Grandison Finney helped found modern revivalism • Pres. Oberlin College • No politics to reform • Christian ideas • should reform from • within.

  10. Burned Over District • Burned over district in Western NY got its name from a “wild fire of new religions” • Gave birth to Seventh Day Adventists • The Millerites believed the 2nd coming of Christ would occur on October 22, 1843 • Members sold belonging, bought white robes for the ascension into heaven • Believers formed new church on October 23rd • Like 1st, 2nd Awakening widened gaps between classes and religions

  11. Other religious groups: • a. Unitarians – didn’t believe in trinity • b. Mormans – Church of Jesus Christ • of Latter Day Saints founded by • Joseph Smith.

  12. Other Churches Founded • While the Protestant revivals sought to reform individual sinners, others sought to remake society at large • Mormons – The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints • Founded by Joseph Smith in western NY • In 1827, Smith announced that he had discovered a set of golden tablets on which was written the Book of Mormon • Proclaiming that he had a commission from God to reestablish the true church, Smith gathered a group of devoted followers

  13. Mormons • Mormon culture upheld the middle-class values of hard work, self-control, and • He tried to create a City of Zion: Kirkland, Ohio, Independence, Missouri, then to Nauvoo, Illinois. • His unorthodox teachings led to persecution and mob violence. • Smith was murdered in 1844 by an anti-Mormon mob in Carthage, Illinois. • Church in conflict

  14. Mormons • Brigham Young, Smith’s successor, led the Mormons westward in 1846-1847 to Utah where they could live and worship without interference

  15. Many writers began to advocate feeling • over reason and spiritualism (Romanticism). • 1. These writers were Transcendentalist. • 2. They urged people to overcome • limits of mind and use the soul to • embrace the universe.

  16. Transcendentalism • “Liberation from understanding and the cultivation of reasoning.” • “Transcend” the limits of intellect and allow the emotions, the SOUL, to create an original relationship with the Universe.

  17. Transcendentalist Intellectuals/WritersConcord, MA Ralph Waldo Emerson Henry David Thoreau Nature(1832) Resistance to Civil Disobedience(1849) Self-Reliance (1841) Walden(1854) “The American Scholar” (1837)

  18. 3. Transcendentalist writers: • a. Ralph Waldo Emerson • b. Henry David Thoreau • c. James Fenimore Cooper • d. Nathaniel Hawthorne • e. Herman Melville • f. Edgar Allen Poe • g. Walt Whitman • h. Emily Dickinson

  19. Nathaniel Hawthorne

  20. Utopian communities formed when • people tried to separate themselves • and form ideal societies. • 1. Brook Farm • 2. Shakers Brook FarmWest Roxbury, MA

  21. Cults • The Shakers • Ann Lee – 1774 • The Shakers used dancing as a worship practice • Shakers practiced celibacy, separating the sexes as far as practical • Shakers worked hard, lived simply (built furniture), and impressed outsiders with their cleanliness and order • Lacking any natural increase, membership began to decline after 1850, from a peak of about 6000 members

  22. Along with religious changes there • were other reform movements.

  23. Under the leadership of Lyman Beecher • benevolent societies were formed. They • targeted many aspects of society.

  24. The Temperance Movement – preached • the evils of alcohol in society.

  25. Prison Reform was led by Dorothea • Dix. Rehabilitation was the key.

  26. Education Reform was led by Horace • Mann. Campaigned for public schools • paid for by tax money.

  27. Women Educators • Troy, NY Female Seminary • curriculum: math, physics, history, geography. • train female teachers Emma Willard(1787-1870) • 1837 --> she establishedMt. Holyoke [So. Hadley, MA] as the first college for women. Mary Lyons(1797-1849)

  28. The industrial revolution separated the • home and workplace. Men and women’s • roles changed. The first women’s move- • ment began.

  29. Many women felt they deserved a greater • role in politics. • 2. Leaders: Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth • Cady Stanton Elizabeth Cady Stanton Lucretia Mott

  30. Women’s leaders organized the • Seneca Falls Convention. This is the • unofficial beginning of the struggle for • women’s voting rights.

  31. SENECA FALLS • The following is an excerpt from the Seneca Falls Declaration written by Elizabeth Cady Stanton. • Notice that the language and wording is similar to the Declaration of Independence.

  32. SENECA FALLS We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men and women are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness; that to secure these rights governments are instituted, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed……

  33. SENECA FALLS • The history of mankind is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations on the part of man toward woman, having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over her. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world…. • He has made her, if married, in the eye of the law, civilly dead. • He has taken from all right in property, even to the wages she earns.

  34. SENECA FALLS He has made her, morally, an irresponsible being, as she can commit many crimes with impunity, provided they be done in the presence of her husband. In the covenant of marriage, she is compelled to promise obedience to her husband, he becoming, to all intents and purposes, her master; the law giving him power to deprive her of her liberty, and to administer chastisement.

  35. III. The Second Great Awakening inflamed the hearts of many abolitionists against the sin of slavery.

  36. Chart/slave owners FACTS ON SLAVERY • Out of the 25% of slaveowners, here is the breakdown of the number of slaves. • 75% owned 1 to 9 slaves. • 22% owned 10 to 49 owned slaves. • 3% owned 50 or more slaves. 384,000 1860

  37. Chart/slave owners FACTS ON SLAVERY • Statistically only 25% of Southern families owned slaves • 384,000 Southern families owned 1 or more slaves. • 75% of Southern families did not own slaves.

  38. Chart/Net Earnings FACTS ON SLAVERY % of White to Black Population in 1860

  39. American Colonization Society- • founded in 1817; focused on transporting • the blacks back to Africa.

  40. B. Republic of Liberia- founded in 1822 as a place for former slaves.

  41. Abolitionist argued slaves should be • freed immediately.

  42. Abolitionists ABOLITIONIST ARGUMENTS • Abolitionists believed slavery was immoral…..Peculiar institution or it is odd, strange or weird to own another human being. • Abolitionists argued slavery was immoral because it violated the ideals that this country was founded on. • All men are created equal (DOI) • If the U.S. was to succeed as a democratic society, slavery had to be abolished

  43. William Lloyd Garrison- wrote a militantly • anti-slavery newspaper The Liberator; • publicly burned a copy of the Constitution.

  44. Picture/Garrison ABOLITIONISTS • Through his newspaper, The Liberator, William Lloyd Garrison spoke out against slavery and for the rights of black Americans for 35 years. The tone of the paper was established in the first issue of the paper with Garrison's editorial entitled, "To the Public,” • “On this subject, I do not wish to think, or speak, or write, with moderation. No! no! Tell a man whose house is on fire, to give a moderate alarm; tell him to moderately rescue his wife from the hand of the ravisher; tell the mother to gradually extricate her babe from the fire into which it has fallen; -- but urge me not to use moderation in a cause like the present. I am in earnest -- I will not equivocate -- I will not excuse -- I will not retreat a single inch -- AND I WILL BE HEARD”. Garrison, a leader among American abolitionists, delivered his views with great conviction, as well as great foresight. "Posterity," he concluded in the editorial, "will bear testimony that I was right

  45. 2. Sojourner Truth- freed black woman who fought for black emancipation and women’s rights.

More Related