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What Kind of Bridge?

What Kind of Bridge?. Important Words. Span: the distance between two bridge supports (column, tower, canyon walls…) Abutment: a. The part of a structure that bears the weight or pressure of an arch. b. A structure that supports the end of a bridge.

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What Kind of Bridge?

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  1. What Kind of Bridge?

  2. Important Words Span: the distance between two bridge supports (column, tower, canyon walls…) Abutment: a. The part of a structure that bears the weight or pressure of an arch. b. A structure that supports the end of a bridge. c. A structure that anchors the cables of a suspension bridge. Girder: a beam, made of steel, wood, or reinforced concrete, used as a main horizontal support in a building or bridge – can be a box girder or truss girder

  3. Girders http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/bridge/steel/pubs/if12052/volume05.pdf

  4. More Important Words Compression: a force that compresses or shortensthe thing it is acting on. Pushing together force. Tension: a force that expands or lengthens the thing it is acting on. Pulling apart force. http://www.howstuffworks.com/bridge.htm

  5. Beam Bridge Load Compression Tension Compression Reaction Force Reaction Force A rigid horizontal structure that is resting on two piers, one on each side.

  6. Beam Bridge http://wikipedia.com Typical Span Lengths: 10m - 200m (can be up to 300m +) World's Longest: Shipanpo Bridge, China (restressed Concrete Girder) Center Span: 330m Ponte Costa e Silva (Rio-Niteroi Bridge), Brazil (Steel Box/Plate Girder) Center Span: 300m http://brasiliabsb.com/tabfotos.htm

  7. Continuous Span Beam Bridge http://worldslongestbridges.blogspot.com/2009/12/worlds-longest-bridges.html Several Beam Bridges linked together World’s Longest (over water): Lake Ponchartrain Bridge in Louisiana – 38.4 km (nearly 24 miles) long

  8. More Continuous Span World’s Longest (over water & land): Jiaozhou Bay Bridge in China – 42.5 km (about 26 miles) long (longest span 260 m) World’s Longest (high speed railroad): Danyang– Kunshan Grand Bridge between Beijing and Shanghai – 164.8 km (about 120 miles) long (longest span 80 meters)

  9. Cantilever Bridge Cantilever bridges are a modified form of beam bridge, with the support being placed not at the end, but somewhere in the middle of the span. A cantilever is a structure or beam that is unsupported at one end but supported at the other, like diving boards. Queensboro (59th St) Bridge over the East River http://www.richmangalleries.com/cantilever_bridges.htm

  10. Cantilever Bridge

  11. Cantilever Bridge Typical Span Lengths: 40m - 500m World's Longest: Pont de Quebec Total Length: 863m Center Span: 549m www.sepaq.com/Photos/J380/batPontQuebecC.jpg

  12. Firth of Forth Bridge Under Construction (1890) http://www.rsgs.org/ifa/gems/bridgegap.html http://www.nas.gov.uk/about/071004.asp

  13. Firth of Forth Bridge - Scotland http://www.edinburgh-scotland.net/images/ForthBridge11L.jpg

  14. Basic Spans http://www.slideshare.net/illpa/bridge-1403689

  15. Truss Supportingstructure - lattice work added to many types of bridges. Trusses are skeletal structures made up of many small beams (normally in the shape of triangles). As the size of a beam bridge increases, so must the size of the truss

  16. Forces in a Bridge with Trusses load Compression tension Reaction force http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/79272/bridge

  17. Arch Bridge Load Compression Reaction Force An arch bridge is a semicircular structure with abutments on each end. The arch naturally brings the weight (a force) of the load from the roadway to the abutments. Used by the ancient Romans. Can be made out of brick or stone. http://www.matsuo-bridge.co.jp/english/bridges/index.shtm

  18. Arch Bridge Typical Span Lengths: 40m – 150m (can be 500m +) World's Longest: Chaotianmen Bridge, Chongqing, China Total Length: 1741 m Center Span: 552 m http://mainbridge.co.cc/?p=74

  19. Arch Bridge http://cs101.wvu.edu/wvscenes USA’s Longest: New River Gorge Bridge, U.S.A. Total Length: 924m Center Span: 518m http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/06251/719452-37.stm

  20. Suspension Bridge Compression Load Anchorage Tension The deck of the bridge is held up by cables. • main cables strung over two towers and anchored on either end • vertical (or hanging) cables connect to the main cables and connect to the road (called suspenders) • towers support most of the road deck’s weight. Reaction Force http://www.brantacan.co.uk/starterpages.htm

  21. Suspension Typical Span Lengths: 70m - 1,000m+ (can be close to 2000 m) World's Longest: Akashi Kaikyo Bridge, Japan Total Length: 3,911m Center Span: 1,991m www.bergen.org/.../2002/wp_bridge/akashi.jpg

  22. Longest U.S. Suspension Bridges http://www.infoplease.com/toptens/

  23. Cable Stayed Bridge Tension Load Compression A continuous beam with one or more towers built above piers. From these towers, cables stretch down diagonally (usually to both sides) and attach to the girder to support thebridge deck. Reaction Force http://www.brantacan.co.uk/starterpages.htm

  24. Cable Stayed Typical Span Lengths: 110m - 480m (can be 1000m +) World's Longest: Russky Bridge, Russia Total Length: 3,100 m Center Span: 1,104 m www.veooz.com

  25. Every 100 ft = about 30.5 m 45 - 137 m 122 - 366 m 229 - 610 m 152 – 914+ m http://trimet.org/pdfs/pm/general_docs/HNTB_July15_Low_Res.pdf

  26. Summary of Forces on Bridges

  27. Summary of Forces on Bridges

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