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Forming Complex Societies. Chapter 2 Lesson 2. Objectives. Explain how living in villages changed the way people related to one another Describe inventions that helped people of this time lead better lives. Vocabulary. Subsist – to survive
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Forming Complex Societies Chapter 2 Lesson 2
Objectives • Explain how living in villages changed the way people related to one another • Describe inventions that helped people of this time lead better lives
Vocabulary • Subsist – to survive • Terrace – flat areas built on the slopes of hills and mountains • Plow – tool used to cut, lift, and turn over soil • Irrigation – ways to move water to land • Barter – to trade for things people want • Pastoral Society – group of people living as nomads with herds of animals
Farming Villages • By 7000 BC some farming communities in southwestern Asia that produced surplus food had grown into villages
Farming Communities Spread • By 6000 BC farming had spread to Europe, Asia, and northern Africa • People had domesticated a variety of animals and plants for food and clothing
Changes in Technology • People developed and improved farming tools, such as the plow and irrigation • Allowed people to grow crops in more places
Economic and Social Change • Early farmers bartered to get goods they wanted • Leaders controlled surpluses and trade, as well as resolved conflicts between the groups
Summary • Changes in agriculture that began before 7,000 BC caused dramatic changes in societies • Surplus food allowed farming settlements to grow into villages • Surpluses of food and other resources led to trade • With trade, people developed more complex societies and economies