1 / 10

Pests of Stored Food Grains

Pests of Stored Food Grains. Sitophylus oryzae (Rice weevil) Tribolium castaneum (Red flour beetle). Sitophylus oryzae (Rice weevil). Small and stout Reddish-brown to black in colour Yellow or reddish spots on the corners of elytra (hard wing) 2-3 mm in length

mariaf
Download Presentation

Pests of Stored Food Grains

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Pests of Stored Food Grains • Sitophylus oryzae (Rice weevil) • Tribolium castaneum (Red flour beetle)

  2. Sitophylus oryzae(Rice weevil) • Small and stout • Reddish-brown to black in colour • Yellow or reddish spots on the corners of elytra (hard wing) • 2-3 mm in length • Snout is 1 mm long, conspicuous and curved • Head with snout is elongated. • Prothorax is strongly pitted • Elytra have rows of pits within longitudinal grooves • Female lays an average of four eggs per day • Eggs hatch in about 3 days. • Larva feeds inside the grain kernel for 18 days • Pupal life lasts for about 6 days • Adult emerged will remain in seed for 3 -4 days till it matures

  3. Nature & Mode of Destruction • Both the adult & larva feed on whole grains • Larval rice weevil completes its development inside a seed kernel. • The adult female makes a cavity & deposits a single egg in the cavity. • Cavity is then sealed with secretions from ovipositor. • Larva develops within the seed and hollows it out while feeding. • Larva pupates within the hollow husk of grain kernel.

  4. Control measures • Fumigation of godowns ensures elimination of pests • Maintaining godowns moisture-free • Food products may be stored in pest-proof containers (plastic, glass or metal) • All stages of pest are killed by heat (120oF for 1 hr) or cold (0oC for a week)

  5. Tribolium castaneum(Red flour beetle) • Flat and reddish-brown body. • 3-4 mm in length • Eyes are crescent-shaped • Last segments at the tip of antennae are abruptly larger than the preceding ones and form a three segmented club • Thorax has curved sides • Infests a wide variety of food grains. • Flour is its preferred food. • It has been found in rice, beans, peas, dried fruits, powdered milk products, spices, etc • Average life is for about one year • Female lays an average of about 450 eggs • Egg is small and white which is covered with a sticky secretion to which fine materials adhere to. • Egg hatches in brownish white larva in 5 to 12 days. • Larva becomes fully grown in one to four months • Mature larva is yellow coloured. • Larva feeds on fine material and broken kernels • Larva changes to small pupa which is white at first and then changes to yellow and then to brown. • Pupa emerges into adult. • Total period from egg to adult averages about six weeks under favourable conditions.

  6. Nature & Mode of Destruction • Larva feeds on stored food grains, broken kernels, flour, dry fruits, nuts, etc. • Adult cannot feed on whole damaged grains; dead beetles, cast skins, feacal pellets and fluids produce pungent smell in grain. • 3 factors – presence of grain, moisture build up and moulds reduce the quality and value of grain.

  7. Control measures • Manual control • Cleaning the infested places to destroy pests • Destruction of infested food products • Chemical control • Painting or spraying wood work with methoxychlor or dusting with malathion • Fumigation of the granary with ethylene dichloride or methyl bromide.

More Related