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Biology Booklet

First semester. Biology Booklet. Grade 10 Advanced. Unit 7. Inheritance and variation. Name :------------------------------------------ Class :-------------------. Booklet key. Key words. links. Exercises. Reading text for improving language only.

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Biology Booklet

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  1. First semester Biology Booklet Grade 10 Advanced Unit7 Inheritance and variation Name :------------------------------------------ Class :-------------------

  2. Booklet key Key words links Exercises Reading text for improving language only

  3. Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation Contents

  4. Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation Unit 7 Inheritance and variation Standards: 10A.12.1 Describe a chromosome and know that chromosomes carry DNA and that all somatic cells are diploid (2n), and have a double set of chromosomes, while gametes are haploid (n), having a half set of chromosomes. يصف الكروموسوم ويعرف أن الكروموسومات تحمل الحمض النووي DNAوأن جميع الخلايا الجسمية تحوي مجموعات ثنائية(2n) من الكرموسومات وأن الأمشاج تحوي مجموعات فردية(n) من الكروموسومات 10A.13.1 Identify environmental and genetic causes of variation and distinguish between continuous and discontinuous variation within a population. يحدد الأسباب البيئية والوراثية من التباين، والتمييز بين الاختلاف المستمر والمتقطع بين السكان. 1

  5. Key Words Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation 2

  6. Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation Chromosome structure DNA- is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions specifying the biologicaldevelopment of all cellular forms of life هو الحامض النووي الذي يَحتوي على الأوامرَ الوراثيةَ التى تُحدّدُ الأنشطة الحيوية التي تقوم بها جميع الخلايا الحية. Nucleuse Diploid organism: two sets of chromosomes ( one from each parent) (2n) like : all human cells Haploid organism: one set of chromosomes (n), like : sperm or egg . العدد الكامل للكروموسومات : عبارة عن مجموعتين من الكروموسومات (واحدة من كل أب ) 2n، كما في جميع الخلايا الجسمية العدد النصفي ( المختزل ) للكروموسومات : عبارة مجموعة واحدةمن الكروموسومات كما في الحيوان المنوي والبويضة . Chromosome Diploid Haploid 3

  7. Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation Chromosomes and Chromatins Children born from the same parents all look slightly different , we call these differences variation .” الاطفال الذين يولدون من نفس الوالدين تكون بينهم بعض الاختلافات وهذا ما يسمى بالتباين Variation is the range of differences that there are between individual organisms. Chromatins variation acquired inherited التباين هو مجموعه الاختلافات بين الكئنات الحيه Variation can be within species Think of all the differences between individual humans) يحدث التباين فى افراد النوع الواحد . These are different varieties of the same species توجد اصناف للنوع الواحد There are variations in skin colour, hair colour, hair curliness, eye colour and sexهناك تباين فىلون البشره، فى تجاعيد الشعر، ولون العيون ، والجنس . Variations may be inherited or acquired التباين قد يورث وقد يكتسب 4

  8. Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation تباين وراثى1- Genetic variation differences that are due to the DNA inside the cells of the organism rather than the effect that its surroundings have on it. Types of variation Genetic Environmental تباين بسبب التركيب الجينى الذى يوجد فى الحمض النووى للخليه 2- Environmental variationتباين تسببه البيئه المحيطه Differences that are due to the external environment. For example availability of water, nutrients, light, prevailing winds. اختلافات تسببها عوامل بيئيه خارجيه Here are some examples: 5

  9. Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation Variation Variation can be CONTINUOUS,التباين المستمر CONTINUOUS DISCONTINUOUS Have any value between two extremes.له قيمه بين قيمتين طرفيتين E.g. Height of humanمثال الطول فى الانسان Body mass of catsكتله الجسم في القطط Trumpet length of daffodilsطول بوق النرجس Leaf width of shrub عرض ورقه الشجرة Length of bacteriaطول البكتريا 6

  10. Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation Variation can be DISCONTINUOUS ,التباين المتقطع in this case there only a few possible categories that the characteristic can fall into. E.g: لون الازهار فى النوع الواحدFlower color in a single species فصائل الدم عند الانسان Human blood group شكل حلمه الاذن ear lobe type Bacteria that are or are not resistant to an antibiotic البكتريا المقاومه وغير المقاومه 7 http://www.tutorvista.com/content/biology/biology-iii/heredity-and-variation/heredity-variation-animation.php

  11. Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation Exercises Question 1: Label the diagram below.اكتب البيانات 8

  12. Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation Question 2: Fill in the blank(Centromeres - Nucleus - Zygote – Chromatid) املئ الفراغات التالية بكلمات مناسبة من الأعلى Genetic material is found in the----------------------- الماده الوراثيه توجد فى--------------------- Each individual strand of a chromosome is called a (n)---------------- الخيط الفردى للكروموسوم يسمى..................... The structure which holds two chromatids together is called the -------- التركيب الذى يربط الكروماتديدين مع بعضهما يسمى......................... 9

  13. Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation 10 minutes (max) READING ACTIVITY Question 3: Read the text below then answer the following questions. السؤال الثالث : أقرأ النص التالي ثم أجب على الأسئلة التالية : DNA is only as powerful as the proteins it produces. Proteins are products of gene expression that create our phenotype. Some genes work alone producing a protein that results in a phenotype for a single gene trait. Other genes work together along with the environment to create a phenotype for multifactorial conditions 3- Write a summary for the above text. 3 - لخص النص السابق بأسلوبك ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10

  14. Grade10A Unit 7 : Inheritance and variation References : Advanced Biology for you Internet 11

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