THE CALVIN CYCLE Created by: Caitlynn Lied 2008

1. NADPH NADPH NADP+ NADP+ The dark reaction of photosynthesis R R A A THE CALVIN CYCLECreated by: Caitlynn Lied 2008

2. From the light reaction, 3 carbon dioxide molecules enter the cycle Already, there are 3 Ribulose Biphosphates (RuBP) in the cycle

4. The carbons bind with the RuBP to form a short-lived molecule, with the help of the enzyme Rubisco R R R

5. The three molecules then split, forming six phosphoglycerate, or PGA

7. ATP enters the cycle from the light reaction… …And the phosphates break off and join with the PGA A A A A A A

8. The ADP then goes back to the light reaction to be recharged into ATP again. A A A A A A

9. As NADPH enters from the light reaction, the phosphates from the ATP molecules break off NADP+ NADPH NADPH NADPH NADPH NADPH NADPH NADP+ NADP+ NADP+ NADP+ NADP+ Then, the NADPH becomes NADP+. These molecules then return to the light reaction

10. One newly-formed PGAL molecule steps off and waits for the next cycle

11. Two phosphates leave, and the 5 PGAL re-arrange themselves into RuMP, a five-carbon molecule

12. Now, three more ATP molecules enter, and donate their phosphates again This creates the final product, RuBP A A A

13. Three new carbon then come in, and the cycle begins again

14. Later, after the cycle has gone again halfway, the PGAL from the first cycle binds with another PGAL to form… G GLUCOSE …and the cell has made its food