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The Role of River Vegetation Roughness for Water Purrification in Dniester River

The Role of River Vegetation Roughness for Water Purrification in Dniester River. Vera Munteanu National Institute of Ecology Chisinau, Republic of Moldova NATO ASI Flow and Transport Processes in Complex Obstructed Geometries: from cities and vegetative canopies to industrial problem

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The Role of River Vegetation Roughness for Water Purrification in Dniester River

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  1. The Role of River Vegetation Roughness for Water Purrification in Dniester River Vera Munteanu National Institute of Ecology Chisinau, Republic of Moldova NATO ASI Flow and Transport Processes in Complex Obstructed Geometries:from cities and vegetative canopies to industrial problem Kyev, Ukraine, May 4-15, 2004

  2. L’eau est le passé de l’hommeLes eaux sont l’avenir de l’humanité “The wars of the next century will be about water” Ismail Serageldin, World Bank Vice-President

  3. Meeting Ecological and Societal Needs for Freshwater Ecosystems in Light of Growing Worlwide Human Water “Vizualizing Engineering and Management Solutions

  4. MOLDOVA REPUBLIC OF : 4.4 mln.population 33.700 km2 – total area DNIESTER RIVER Total length 1352 km - for Moldova territory - 630 km Basin Area : Total 72100 sq.km - for Moldova territory -19070 sq.km 10 mln population (Source of drinking water ) Population density – 105 people per sq.km

  5. Hydrographical network

  6. Dniester River Basin sugar, wine, salts of potasium, sulf clays and calcars hydropower stations

  7. Dniester River Basin (population density)

  8. DUBASARI RESERVOIR: Total length: 125 km Total volume: 0.5 km3 0.9 mln. population (source of drinking water ) Water quality formation (significant influence)

  9. Sampling stations

  10. Variation of Metal speciation content (2000-2003)

  11. Variatia concentratiei metalelor din sediment, in timp (bazinul Dubasari) Local map Rezina-Rabnita Industrial Complex Location

  12. Dissolved Metal content, Dubasari reservoir (in time)

  13. Particulate Metal content, Dubasari reservoir (in time)

  14. Metal Content in Bottom Sediment, Dubasari Reservoir (in time)

  15. Dissolution rate, (lab. experiments)

  16. Metal Content in Snow ●–dissolved form;●– particulate form

  17. Comparative Date of the Content of Toxic Metal in Fresh Snow and River Water

  18. Metal Contents in the Neighbours Soil of the Dubasari Reservoir, (North – negative values; South – positive values)

  19. Erosion process 16 t/ha/year Sediment layer - increase 7-10 cm

  20. Variatia concentratiei metalelor din sediment, in timp (bazinul Dubasari) Local map Rezina-Rabnita Industrial Complex Location

  21. Cement production Emission: 1 mln tonn - Mercury, 160 kg Cadmium, 350 kg Lead, 17 tonn Copper, 22 tonn Natural gas - 0.05 km 3

  22. Interdependence of Toxic Metal Concentration in Abiotic Components of Dubasari Reservoir, Dniester River

  23. To Compare the Calculated Values with Measured

  24. Metal Content in Lichen, Epiphytosuspension

  25. Mercury content in macrophytes, Dubasari aquatic ecosystem, Dniester River, mkg g-1

  26. Coefficients of (bio)concentration (k) and linear correlation (r). Mercury(II), Dubasari aquatic ecosystem

  27. Potamogeton Perfoliatus

  28. Macrophytes biogenic minerals vs heavy metal conc.

  29. Vegetation roughness (Potamogeton perfoliatus L., Potamogeton pectinatus L., Myriophillum verticillatum L., Ceratophyllum demersum) Empirical relation: =0.0793·k·ln(h/k)-0.00090 where  - characteristic length scale of turbulence; k - vegetation height, (m); h - water depth, (m)

  30. D.Klopstra, 2002

  31. Case study a a

  32. The dependence between macrophytes bioaccumulation capacity and length scale of turbulence () Linear interdependence

  33. Factors that Influence… carbonates, interstitial water Hydrodynamic regime (velocity) calcium, interstitial water Bottom sediment geochemistry

  34. The effect of water treatment process on Hg(II), Cu(II), and Pb(II) content variation (Chisinau Water Treatment Plant, drinking purpose)

  35. Conclusions • - Mercucy and Cadmium - highest anthropogenic enrichment factor - higher toxicity potential • - The neighboring area - radius of about 20 km of the industrial complex Rezina-Rabnita, medium part of Dubasari Reservoir of the Dniester River • - Metal content from sediment …influence on its level in particulate form … predominant for all reservoir longitudinal distance • (hydrodinamical regime, water hydrochemistry; biota, sediment’s geochemistry • Macrophytes in biomonitoring (correlation of metal content in biomass..) • Vegetation roughness… • Water treatment processes (mercury, dissolved form), for drinking purpose • Work to be done: • to prevent the erosion process in the river bank • Vegetation, condition for growth and removing • to improve technological scheme at the cement and metallurgical plants

  36. The TSC: A multi-stakeholder dialogue challenge!

  37. Different Management Approach

  38. The decison-making process:the Ukrainian and the Moldavian: two similar drops of water?

  39. Brainstorming in the polder.... (c) Danker-Jan Oreel

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