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Astronomy

Astronomy. Chapter 2. Geocentric. A description of the solar system that involves all of the planets revolving around the Earth. Heliocentric. A description of the solar system in which all planets revolve around the sun. Ellipse.

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Astronomy

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  1. Astronomy Chapter 2

  2. Geocentric • A description of the solar system that involves all of the planets revolving around the Earth.

  3. Heliocentric • A description of the solar system in which all planets revolve around the sun.

  4. Ellipse An oval shape, or an elongated circle which is the shape of a planet’s orbit.

  5. Inertia • The tendency of a moving object to stay in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place.

  6. Gas Giants • The name given to the first four outer planets Neptune, Uranus, Saturn and Jupiter.

  7. Terrestrial Planets • The name given to the four inner planets, Mercury, Earth, Venus and Mars.

  8. Core • The center of the sun, where nuclear fusion takes place. Core

  9. Nuclear Fusion • The production of energy as hydrogen atoms combine to form helium. Hydrogen Energy Helium

  10. Photosphere • The inner layer of the sun’s atmosphere. This sphere is the light that we see from Earth as we look at the sun. Photosphere Photosphere

  11. Chromosphere • The middle layer of the sun’s atmosphere. The chromosphere is 5,000-10,000˚C. The chromosphere is the “color sphere”. Chromosphere

  12. Corona The corona is the outer layer of the sun’s atmosphere, it is 2,000,000˚C. Corona

  13. Solar Wind • A stream of electrically charged particles made by the sun’s corona.

  14. Sunspot • A dark area of gas on the sun that is cooler than surrounding gases.

  15. Prominence • A loop of gas from one sunspot region to another.

  16. Solar Flare • An explosion of hydrogen gas on the sun’s surface that is caused by connecting loops in sunspot regions.

  17. Retrograde Rotation • The spinning in the opposite direction of most planets and moons, from east to west.

  18. Greenhouse Effect • The trapping of heat by a planet’s atmosphere.

  19. Comet • A ball of dust and ice that orbits in an long narrow ellipse.

  20. Asteroid • Objects that are revolving around the sun, but are too numerous and too small to be considered planets.

  21. Asteroid Belt • The area in the solar system between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter; this is where many asteroids are found.

  22. Meteoroid • A chunk of rock or dust in space.

  23. Meteor • A streak of light in the sky that is produced by the burning of a meteoroid in the Earth’s atmosphere.

  24. Meteorite • A meteor that has hit Earth’s surface.

  25. Extraterrestrial Life • Life that comes from outside of the Earth.

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