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Reported policies and measures; Land-Use Change and Forestry. Heikki Granholm Programme Officer UNFCCC MIS Programme. Overview. Emission/removal trends in LUCF sector Portfolio of reported PAMs PAMs to increase CO 2 sequestration PAMs to reduce GHG emissions Research-based PAMs
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Reported policies and measures; Land-Use Change and Forestry Heikki Granholm Programme Officer UNFCCC MIS Programme
Overview • Emission/removal trends in LUCF sector • Portfolio of reported PAMs • PAMs to increase CO2 sequestration • PAMs to reduce GHG emissions • Research-based PAMs • PAMs having negative impact • Additional findings
Emission/removal trends in LUCF sector • In 2000 LUCF sector removed 10 % of total aggregated emissions compared to 13 % in 1990 • High net removals in EST42% of total emissions, LVA 40%, SWE 39%, NOR 34%, NZL 31%, FIN 16%, USA 13%, FRA 12%, POL 11% • Low net removals in BEL and NLD or net source in GBR 0.5% • Most Parties expect small increases in net sequestration in 2010, however for USA net removals are expected to decreased by 13%
Portfolio of reported PAMs • Almost all Parties reported LUCF PAMs • About 40 PAMs reported; 3/4 implemented, 1/10 adopted and rest planned
PAMs to increase CO2 sequestration • Changes in forest and other woody biomass stocks, widely reported, integration of environmental and sustainable development aspects • Development of national forest programmes and strategies to increase carbon storage in forests and in products • Afforestation and reforestation • Improved forest management, regulatory and voluntary measures • Few PAMs addressing soils (JPN, CAN)
PAMs to reduce GHG emissions • Seldom reported • E.g. restrict conversion of forest land to other uses (Latvia); Protection of existing forests (AUT); Protection of soil carbon (Slovakia); Protection of forest resources from fire and pests (CAN, NZL).
Research-based PAMs • Specific measures and general research, extension and outreach programmes. • E.g. Increased understanding on adaptive strategies on conservation areas (AUT); Research on sequestration (BEL); Improved methods of fire control (CAN); Carbon storage in buildings, furniture, landfills and other wood products (NOR); R&D on monitoring (NZL).
PAMs that have negative impacts • How to balance different objectives? Subject to national circumstances. • E.g. Fire as element of long-term ecological stability and encouragement of use of controlled fires (SWE); Replacement of faster-growing conifers by slower-growing broad-leaved species (SWE); Promotion of use of forest resources may result in increased harvest (JPN)
Additional findings • LUCF have a significant contribution as one of the mitigation options, based on 23 reports available • Uncertainty on treatment of LULUCF under KP has influenced identification of PAMs • GPG for LULUCF is under development • Focus on net removals (increment/growth minus harvesting/drain) or on emissions and removals separately?